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org.apache.lucene.analysis
public class: Token [javadoc | source]
java.lang.Object
   org.apache.lucene.analysis.Token

All Implemented Interfaces:
    Cloneable

A Token is an occurence of a term from the text of a field. It consists of a term's text, the start and end offset of the term in the text of the field, and a type string.

The start and end offsets permit applications to re-associate a token with its source text, e.g., to display highlighted query terms in a document browser, or to show matching text fragments in a KWIC (KeyWord In Context) display, etc.

The type is an interned string, assigned by a lexical analyzer (a.k.a. tokenizer), naming the lexical or syntactic class that the token belongs to. For example an end of sentence marker token might be implemented with type "eos". The default token type is "word".

A Token can optionally have metadata (a.k.a. Payload) in the form of a variable length byte array. Use TermPositions#getPayloadLength() and TermPositions#getPayload(byte[], int) to retrieve the payloads from the index.

WARNING: The status of the Payloads feature is experimental. The APIs introduced here might change in the future and will not be supported anymore in such a case.

NOTE: As of 2.3, Token stores the term text internally as a malleable char[] termBuffer instead of String termText. The indexing code and core tokenizers have been changed re-use a single Token instance, changing its buffer and other fields in-place as the Token is processed. This provides substantially better indexing performance as it saves the GC cost of new'ing a Token and String for every term. The APIs that accept String termText are still available but a warning about the associated performance cost has been added (below). The #termText() method has been deprecated.

Tokenizers and filters should try to re-use a Token instance when possible for best performance, by implementing the TokenStream#next(Token) API. Failing that, to create a new Token you should first use one of the constructors that starts with null text. Then you should call either #termBuffer() or #resizeTermBuffer(int) to retrieve the Token's termBuffer. Fill in the characters of your term into this buffer, and finally call #setTermLength(int) to set the length of the term text. See LUCENE-969 for details.

Field Summary
public static final  String DEFAULT_TYPE     
 char[] termBuffer     
 int termLength     
 int startOffset     
 int endOffset     
 String type     
 Payload payload     
 int positionIncrement     
Constructor:
 public Token() 
 public Token(int start,
    int end) 
 public Token(int start,
    int end,
    String typ) 
    Constructs a Token with null text and start & end offsets plus the Token type.
    Parameters:
    start - start offset
    end - end offset
 public Token(String text,
    int start,
    int end) 
    Constructs a Token with the given term text, and start & end offsets. The type defaults to "word." NOTE: for better indexing speed you should instead use the char[] termBuffer methods to set the term text.
    Parameters:
    text - term text
    start - start offset
    end - end offset
 public Token(String text,
    int start,
    int end,
    String typ) 
    Constructs a Token with the given text, start and end offsets, & type. NOTE: for better indexing speed you should instead use the char[] termBuffer methods to set the term text.
    Parameters:
    text - term text
    start - start offset
    end - end offset
    typ - token type
Method from org.apache.lucene.analysis.Token Summary:
clear,   clone,   endOffset,   getPayload,   getPositionIncrement,   resizeTermBuffer,   setEndOffset,   setPayload,   setPositionIncrement,   setStartOffset,   setTermBuffer,   setTermLength,   setTermText,   setType,   startOffset,   termBuffer,   termLength,   termText,   toString,   type
Methods from java.lang.Object:
equals,   getClass,   hashCode,   notify,   notifyAll,   toString,   wait,   wait,   wait
Method from org.apache.lucene.analysis.Token Detail:
 public  void clear() 
    Resets the term text, payload, and positionIncrement to default. Other fields such as startOffset, endOffset and the token type are not reset since they are normally overwritten by the tokenizer.
 public Object clone() 
 public final int endOffset() 
    Returns this Token's ending offset, one greater than the position of the last character corresponding to this token in the source text.
 public Payload getPayload() 
    Returns this Token's payload.
 public int getPositionIncrement() 
    Returns the position increment of this Token.
 public char[] resizeTermBuffer(int newSize) 
    Grows the termBuffer to at least size newSize.
 public  void setEndOffset(int offset) 
    Set the ending offset.
 public  void setPayload(Payload payload) 
    Sets this Token's payload.
 public  void setPositionIncrement(int positionIncrement) 
    Set the position increment. This determines the position of this token relative to the previous Token in a TokenStream , used in phrase searching.

    The default value is one.

    Some common uses for this are:

    • Set it to zero to put multiple terms in the same position. This is useful if, e.g., a word has multiple stems. Searches for phrases including either stem will match. In this case, all but the first stem's increment should be set to zero: the increment of the first instance should be one. Repeating a token with an increment of zero can also be used to boost the scores of matches on that token.
    • Set it to values greater than one to inhibit exact phrase matches. If, for example, one does not want phrases to match across removed stop words, then one could build a stop word filter that removes stop words and also sets the increment to the number of stop words removed before each non-stop word. Then exact phrase queries will only match when the terms occur with no intervening stop words.
 public  void setStartOffset(int offset) 
    Set the starting offset.
 public final  void setTermBuffer(char[] buffer,
    int offset,
    int length) 
    Copies the contents of buffer, starting at offset for length characters, into the termBuffer array. NOTE: for better indexing speed you should instead retrieve the termBuffer, using #termBuffer() or #resizeTermBuffer(int) , and fill it in directly to set the term text. This saves an extra copy.
 public final  void setTermLength(int length) 
    Set number of valid characters (length of the term) in the termBuffer array.
 public  void setTermText(String text) 
    Sets the Token's term text. NOTE: for better indexing speed you should instead use the char[] termBuffer methods to set the term text.
 public final  void setType(String type) 
    Set the lexical type.
 public final int startOffset() 
    Returns this Token's starting offset, the position of the first character corresponding to this token in the source text. Note that the difference between endOffset() and startOffset() may not be equal to termText.length(), as the term text may have been altered by a stemmer or some other filter.
 public final char[] termBuffer() 
    Returns the internal termBuffer character array which you can then directly alter. If the array is too small for your token, use #resizeTermBuffer(int) to increase it. After altering the buffer be sure to call #setTermLength to record the number of valid characters that were placed into the termBuffer.
 public final int termLength() 
    Return number of valid characters (length of the term) in the termBuffer array.
 public final String termText() 
Deprecated! Use - #termBuffer() and #termLength() instead.

    Returns the Token's term text.
 public String toString() 
 public final String type() 
    Returns this Token's lexical type. Defaults to "word".