1 /*
2 * Copyright (c) 1994, 2004, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
4 *
5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
8 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
9 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
10 *
11 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
12 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
13 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
14 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
15 * accompanied this code).
16 *
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
18 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
19 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
20 *
21 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
22 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
23 * questions.
24 */
25
26 package java.io;
27
28 /**
29 * A data output stream lets an application write primitive Java data
30 * types to an output stream in a portable way. An application can
31 * then use a data input stream to read the data back in.
32 *
33 * @author unascribed
34 * @see java.io.DataInputStream
35 * @since JDK1.0
36 */
37 public
38 class DataOutputStream extends FilterOutputStream implements DataOutput {
39 /**
40 * The number of bytes written to the data output stream so far.
41 * If this counter overflows, it will be wrapped to Integer.MAX_VALUE.
42 */
43 protected int written;
44
45 /**
46 * bytearr is initialized on demand by writeUTF
47 */
48 private byte[] bytearr = null;
49
50 /**
51 * Creates a new data output stream to write data to the specified
52 * underlying output stream. The counter <code>written</code> is
53 * set to zero.
54 *
55 * @param out the underlying output stream, to be saved for later
56 * use.
57 * @see java.io.FilterOutputStream#out
58 */
59 public DataOutputStream(OutputStream out) {
60 super(out);
61 }
62
63 /**
64 * Increases the written counter by the specified value
65 * until it reaches Integer.MAX_VALUE.
66 */
67 private void incCount(int value) {
68 int temp = written + value;
69 if (temp < 0) {
70 temp = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
71 }
72 written = temp;
73 }
74
75 /**
76 * Writes the specified byte (the low eight bits of the argument
77 * <code>b</code>) to the underlying output stream. If no exception
78 * is thrown, the counter <code>written</code> is incremented by
79 * <code>1</code>.
80 * <p>
81 * Implements the <code>write</code> method of <code>OutputStream</code>.
82 *
83 * @param b the <code>byte</code> to be written.
84 * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
85 * @see java.io.FilterOutputStream#out
86 */
87 public synchronized void write(int b) throws IOException {
88 out.write(b);
89 incCount(1);
90 }
91
92 /**
93 * Writes <code>len</code> bytes from the specified byte array
94 * starting at offset <code>off</code> to the underlying output stream.
95 * If no exception is thrown, the counter <code>written</code> is
96 * incremented by <code>len</code>.
97 *
98 * @param b the data.
99 * @param off the start offset in the data.
100 * @param len the number of bytes to write.
101 * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
102 * @see java.io.FilterOutputStream#out
103 */
104 public synchronized void write(byte b[], int off, int len)
105 throws IOException
106 {
107 out.write(b, off, len);
108 incCount(len);
109 }
110
111 /**
112 * Flushes this data output stream. This forces any buffered output
113 * bytes to be written out to the stream.
114 * <p>
115 * The <code>flush</code> method of <code>DataOutputStream</code>
116 * calls the <code>flush</code> method of its underlying output stream.
117 *
118 * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
119 * @see java.io.FilterOutputStream#out
120 * @see java.io.OutputStream#flush()
121 */
122 public void flush() throws IOException {
123 out.flush();
124 }
125
126 /**
127 * Writes a <code>boolean</code> to the underlying output stream as
128 * a 1-byte value. The value <code>true</code> is written out as the
129 * value <code>(byte)1</code>; the value <code>false</code> is
130 * written out as the value <code>(byte)0</code>. If no exception is
131 * thrown, the counter <code>written</code> is incremented by
132 * <code>1</code>.
133 *
134 * @param v a <code>boolean</code> value to be written.
135 * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
136 * @see java.io.FilterOutputStream#out
137 */
138 public final void writeBoolean(boolean v) throws IOException {
139 out.write(v ? 1 : 0);
140 incCount(1);
141 }
142
143 /**
144 * Writes out a <code>byte</code> to the underlying output stream as
145 * a 1-byte value. If no exception is thrown, the counter
146 * <code>written</code> is incremented by <code>1</code>.
147 *
148 * @param v a <code>byte</code> value to be written.
149 * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
150 * @see java.io.FilterOutputStream#out
151 */
152 public final void writeByte(int v) throws IOException {
153 out.write(v);
154 incCount(1);
155 }
156
157 /**
158 * Writes a <code>short</code> to the underlying output stream as two
159 * bytes, high byte first. If no exception is thrown, the counter
160 * <code>written</code> is incremented by <code>2</code>.
161 *
162 * @param v a <code>short</code> to be written.
163 * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
164 * @see java.io.FilterOutputStream#out
165 */
166 public final void writeShort(int v) throws IOException {
167 out.write((v >>> 8) & 0xFF);
168 out.write((v >>> 0) & 0xFF);
169 incCount(2);
170 }
171
172 /**
173 * Writes a <code>char</code> to the underlying output stream as a
174 * 2-byte value, high byte first. If no exception is thrown, the
175 * counter <code>written</code> is incremented by <code>2</code>.
176 *
177 * @param v a <code>char</code> value to be written.
178 * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
179 * @see java.io.FilterOutputStream#out
180 */
181 public final void writeChar(int v) throws IOException {
182 out.write((v >>> 8) & 0xFF);
183 out.write((v >>> 0) & 0xFF);
184 incCount(2);
185 }
186
187 /**
188 * Writes an <code>int</code> to the underlying output stream as four
189 * bytes, high byte first. If no exception is thrown, the counter
190 * <code>written</code> is incremented by <code>4</code>.
191 *
192 * @param v an <code>int</code> to be written.
193 * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
194 * @see java.io.FilterOutputStream#out
195 */
196 public final void writeInt(int v) throws IOException {
197 out.write((v >>> 24) & 0xFF);
198 out.write((v >>> 16) & 0xFF);
199 out.write((v >>> 8) & 0xFF);
200 out.write((v >>> 0) & 0xFF);
201 incCount(4);
202 }
203
204 private byte writeBuffer[] = new byte[8];
205
206 /**
207 * Writes a <code>long</code> to the underlying output stream as eight
208 * bytes, high byte first. In no exception is thrown, the counter
209 * <code>written</code> is incremented by <code>8</code>.
210 *
211 * @param v a <code>long</code> to be written.
212 * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
213 * @see java.io.FilterOutputStream#out
214 */
215 public final void writeLong(long v) throws IOException {
216 writeBuffer[0] = (byte)(v >>> 56);
217 writeBuffer[1] = (byte)(v >>> 48);
218 writeBuffer[2] = (byte)(v >>> 40);
219 writeBuffer[3] = (byte)(v >>> 32);
220 writeBuffer[4] = (byte)(v >>> 24);
221 writeBuffer[5] = (byte)(v >>> 16);
222 writeBuffer[6] = (byte)(v >>> 8);
223 writeBuffer[7] = (byte)(v >>> 0);
224 out.write(writeBuffer, 0, 8);
225 incCount(8);
226 }
227
228 /**
229 * Converts the float argument to an <code>int</code> using the
230 * <code>floatToIntBits</code> method in class <code>Float</code>,
231 * and then writes that <code>int</code> value to the underlying
232 * output stream as a 4-byte quantity, high byte first. If no
233 * exception is thrown, the counter <code>written</code> is
234 * incremented by <code>4</code>.
235 *
236 * @param v a <code>float</code> value to be written.
237 * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
238 * @see java.io.FilterOutputStream#out
239 * @see java.lang.Float#floatToIntBits(float)
240 */
241 public final void writeFloat(float v) throws IOException {
242 writeInt(Float.floatToIntBits(v));
243 }
244
245 /**
246 * Converts the double argument to a <code>long</code> using the
247 * <code>doubleToLongBits</code> method in class <code>Double</code>,
248 * and then writes that <code>long</code> value to the underlying
249 * output stream as an 8-byte quantity, high byte first. If no
250 * exception is thrown, the counter <code>written</code> is
251 * incremented by <code>8</code>.
252 *
253 * @param v a <code>double</code> value to be written.
254 * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
255 * @see java.io.FilterOutputStream#out
256 * @see java.lang.Double#doubleToLongBits(double)
257 */
258 public final void writeDouble(double v) throws IOException {
259 writeLong(Double.doubleToLongBits(v));
260 }
261
262 /**
263 * Writes out the string to the underlying output stream as a
264 * sequence of bytes. Each character in the string is written out, in
265 * sequence, by discarding its high eight bits. If no exception is
266 * thrown, the counter <code>written</code> is incremented by the
267 * length of <code>s</code>.
268 *
269 * @param s a string of bytes to be written.
270 * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
271 * @see java.io.FilterOutputStream#out
272 */
273 public final void writeBytes(String s) throws IOException {
274 int len = s.length();
275 for (int i = 0 ; i < len ; i++) {
276 out.write((byte)s.charAt(i));
277 }
278 incCount(len);
279 }
280
281 /**
282 * Writes a string to the underlying output stream as a sequence of
283 * characters. Each character is written to the data output stream as
284 * if by the <code>writeChar</code> method. If no exception is
285 * thrown, the counter <code>written</code> is incremented by twice
286 * the length of <code>s</code>.
287 *
288 * @param s a <code>String</code> value to be written.
289 * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
290 * @see java.io.DataOutputStream#writeChar(int)
291 * @see java.io.FilterOutputStream#out
292 */
293 public final void writeChars(String s) throws IOException {
294 int len = s.length();
295 for (int i = 0 ; i < len ; i++) {
296 int v = s.charAt(i);
297 out.write((v >>> 8) & 0xFF);
298 out.write((v >>> 0) & 0xFF);
299 }
300 incCount(len * 2);
301 }
302
303 /**
304 * Writes a string to the underlying output stream using
305 * <a href="DataInput.html#modified-utf-8">modified UTF-8</a>
306 * encoding in a machine-independent manner.
307 * <p>
308 * First, two bytes are written to the output stream as if by the
309 * <code>writeShort</code> method giving the number of bytes to
310 * follow. This value is the number of bytes actually written out,
311 * not the length of the string. Following the length, each character
312 * of the string is output, in sequence, using the modified UTF-8 encoding
313 * for the character. If no exception is thrown, the counter
314 * <code>written</code> is incremented by the total number of
315 * bytes written to the output stream. This will be at least two
316 * plus the length of <code>str</code>, and at most two plus
317 * thrice the length of <code>str</code>.
318 *
319 * @param str a string to be written.
320 * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
321 */
322 public final void writeUTF(String str) throws IOException {
323 writeUTF(str, this);
324 }
325
326 /**
327 * Writes a string to the specified DataOutput using
328 * <a href="DataInput.html#modified-utf-8">modified UTF-8</a>
329 * encoding in a machine-independent manner.
330 * <p>
331 * First, two bytes are written to out as if by the <code>writeShort</code>
332 * method giving the number of bytes to follow. This value is the number of
333 * bytes actually written out, not the length of the string. Following the
334 * length, each character of the string is output, in sequence, using the
335 * modified UTF-8 encoding for the character. If no exception is thrown, the
336 * counter <code>written</code> is incremented by the total number of
337 * bytes written to the output stream. This will be at least two
338 * plus the length of <code>str</code>, and at most two plus
339 * thrice the length of <code>str</code>.
340 *
341 * @param str a string to be written.
342 * @param out destination to write to
343 * @return The number of bytes written out.
344 * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
345 */
346 static int writeUTF(String str, DataOutput out) throws IOException {
347 int strlen = str.length();
348 int utflen = 0;
349 int c, count = 0;
350
351 /* use charAt instead of copying String to char array */
352 for (int i = 0; i < strlen; i++) {
353 c = str.charAt(i);
354 if ((c >= 0x0001) && (c <= 0x007F)) {
355 utflen++;
356 } else if (c > 0x07FF) {
357 utflen += 3;
358 } else {
359 utflen += 2;
360 }
361 }
362
363 if (utflen > 65535)
364 throw new UTFDataFormatException(
365 "encoded string too long: " + utflen + " bytes");
366
367 byte[] bytearr = null;
368 if (out instanceof DataOutputStream) {
369 DataOutputStream dos = (DataOutputStream)out;
370 if(dos.bytearr == null || (dos.bytearr.length < (utflen+2)))
371 dos.bytearr = new byte[(utflen*2) + 2];
372 bytearr = dos.bytearr;
373 } else {
374 bytearr = new byte[utflen+2];
375 }
376
377 bytearr[count++] = (byte) ((utflen >>> 8) & 0xFF);
378 bytearr[count++] = (byte) ((utflen >>> 0) & 0xFF);
379
380 int i=0;
381 for (i=0; i<strlen; i++) {
382 c = str.charAt(i);
383 if (!((c >= 0x0001) && (c <= 0x007F))) break;
384 bytearr[count++] = (byte) c;
385 }
386
387 for (;i < strlen; i++){
388 c = str.charAt(i);
389 if ((c >= 0x0001) && (c <= 0x007F)) {
390 bytearr[count++] = (byte) c;
391
392 } else if (c > 0x07FF) {
393 bytearr[count++] = (byte) (0xE0 | ((c >> 12) & 0x0F));
394 bytearr[count++] = (byte) (0x80 | ((c >> 6) & 0x3F));
395 bytearr[count++] = (byte) (0x80 | ((c >> 0) & 0x3F));
396 } else {
397 bytearr[count++] = (byte) (0xC0 | ((c >> 6) & 0x1F));
398 bytearr[count++] = (byte) (0x80 | ((c >> 0) & 0x3F));
399 }
400 }
401 out.write(bytearr, 0, utflen+2);
402 return utflen + 2;
403 }
404
405 /**
406 * Returns the current value of the counter <code>written</code>,
407 * the number of bytes written to this data output stream so far.
408 * If the counter overflows, it will be wrapped to Integer.MAX_VALUE.
409 *
410 * @return the value of the <code>written</code> field.
411 * @see java.io.DataOutputStream#written
412 */
413 public final int size() {
414 return written;
415 }
416 }
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