1 /*
2 * Copyright 1994-2006 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
4 *
5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation. Sun designates this
8 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
9 * by Sun in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
10 *
11 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
12 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
13 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
14 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
15 * accompanied this code).
16 *
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
18 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
19 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
20 *
21 * Please contact Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara,
22 * CA 95054 USA or visit www.sun.com if you need additional information or
23 * have any questions.
24 */
25
26 package java.lang;
27
28 import java.lang.reflect.Array;
29 import java.lang.reflect.GenericArrayType;
30 import java.lang.reflect.Member;
31 import java.lang.reflect.Field;
32 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
33 import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
34 import java.lang.reflect.GenericDeclaration;
35 import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
36 import java.lang.reflect.Type;
37 import java.lang.reflect.TypeVariable;
38 import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
39 import java.lang.ref.SoftReference;
40 import java.io.InputStream;
41 import java.io.ObjectStreamField;
42 import java.security.AccessController;
43 import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
44 import java.util.ArrayList;
45 import java.util.Arrays;
46 import java.util.Collection;
47 import java.util.HashSet;
48 import java.util.Iterator;
49 import java.util.List;
50 import java.util.LinkedList;
51 import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
52 import java.util.Set;
53 import java.util.Map;
54 import java.util.HashMap;
55 import sun.misc.Unsafe;
56 import sun.reflect.ConstantPool;
57 import sun.reflect.Reflection;
58 import sun.reflect.ReflectionFactory;
59 import sun.reflect.SignatureIterator;
60 import sun.reflect.generics.factory.CoreReflectionFactory;
61 import sun.reflect.generics.factory.GenericsFactory;
62 import sun.reflect.generics.repository.ClassRepository;
63 import sun.reflect.generics.repository.MethodRepository;
64 import sun.reflect.generics.repository.ConstructorRepository;
65 import sun.reflect.generics.scope.ClassScope;
66 import sun.security.util.SecurityConstants;
67 import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
68 import sun.reflect.annotation;
69
70 /**
71 * Instances of the class {@code Class} represent classes and
72 * interfaces in a running Java application. An enum is a kind of
73 * class and an annotation is a kind of interface. Every array also
74 * belongs to a class that is reflected as a {@code Class} object
75 * that is shared by all arrays with the same element type and number
76 * of dimensions. The primitive Java types ({@code boolean},
77 * {@code byte}, {@code char}, {@code short},
78 * {@code int}, {@code long}, {@code float}, and
79 * {@code double}), and the keyword {@code void} are also
80 * represented as {@code Class} objects.
81 *
82 * <p> {@code Class} has no public constructor. Instead {@code Class}
83 * objects are constructed automatically by the Java Virtual Machine as classes
84 * are loaded and by calls to the {@code defineClass} method in the class
85 * loader.
86 *
87 * <p> The following example uses a {@code Class} object to print the
88 * class name of an object:
89 *
90 * <p> <blockquote><pre>
91 * void printClassName(Object obj) {
92 * System.out.println("The class of " + obj +
93 * " is " + obj.getClass().getName());
94 * }
95 * </pre></blockquote>
96 *
97 * <p> It is also possible to get the {@code Class} object for a named
98 * type (or for void) using a class literal
99 * (JLS Section <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/docs/books/jls/second_edition/html/expressions.doc.html#251530">15.8.2</A>).
100 * For example:
101 *
102 * <p> <blockquote>
103 * {@code System.out.println("The name of class Foo is: "+Foo.class.getName());}
104 * </blockquote>
105 *
106 * @param <T> the type of the class modeled by this {@code Class}
107 * object. For example, the type of {@code String.class} is {@code
108 * Class<String>}. Use {@code Class<?>} if the class being modeled is
109 * unknown.
110 *
111 * @author unascribed
112 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader#defineClass(byte[], int, int)
113 * @since JDK1.0
114 */
115 public final
116 class Class<T> implements java.io.Serializable,
117 java.lang.reflect.GenericDeclaration,
118 java.lang.reflect.Type,
119 java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedElement {
120 private static final int ANNOTATION= 0x00002000;
121 private static final int ENUM = 0x00004000;
122 private static final int SYNTHETIC = 0x00001000;
123
124 private static native void registerNatives();
125 static {
126 registerNatives();
127 }
128
129 /*
130 * Constructor. Only the Java Virtual Machine creates Class
131 * objects.
132 */
133 private Class() {}
134
135
136 /**
137 * Converts the object to a string. The string representation is the
138 * string "class" or "interface", followed by a space, and then by the
139 * fully qualified name of the class in the format returned by
140 * {@code getName}. If this {@code Class} object represents a
141 * primitive type, this method returns the name of the primitive type. If
142 * this {@code Class} object represents void this method returns
143 * "void".
144 *
145 * @return a string representation of this class object.
146 */
147 public String toString() {
148 return (isInterface() ? "interface " : (isPrimitive() ? "" : "class "))
149 + getName();
150 }
151
152
153 /**
154 * Returns the {@code Class} object associated with the class or
155 * interface with the given string name. Invoking this method is
156 * equivalent to:
157 *
158 * <blockquote>
159 * {@code Class.forName(className, true, currentLoader)}
160 * </blockquote>
161 *
162 * where {@code currentLoader} denotes the defining class loader of
163 * the current class.
164 *
165 * <p> For example, the following code fragment returns the
166 * runtime {@code Class} descriptor for the class named
167 * {@code java.lang.Thread}:
168 *
169 * <blockquote>
170 * {@code Class t = Class.forName("java.lang.Thread")}
171 * </blockquote>
172 * <p>
173 * A call to {@code forName("X")} causes the class named
174 * {@code X} to be initialized.
175 *
176 * @param className the fully qualified name of the desired class.
177 * @return the {@code Class} object for the class with the
178 * specified name.
179 * @exception LinkageError if the linkage fails
180 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
181 * by this method fails
182 * @exception ClassNotFoundException if the class cannot be located
183 */
184 public static Class<?> forName(String className)
185 throws ClassNotFoundException {
186 return forName0(className, true, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
187 }
188
189
190 /**
191 * Returns the {@code Class} object associated with the class or
192 * interface with the given string name, using the given class loader.
193 * Given the fully qualified name for a class or interface (in the same
194 * format returned by {@code getName}) this method attempts to
195 * locate, load, and link the class or interface. The specified class
196 * loader is used to load the class or interface. If the parameter
197 * {@code loader} is null, the class is loaded through the bootstrap
198 * class loader. The class is initialized only if the
199 * {@code initialize} parameter is {@code true} and if it has
200 * not been initialized earlier.
201 *
202 * <p> If {@code name} denotes a primitive type or void, an attempt
203 * will be made to locate a user-defined class in the unnamed package whose
204 * name is {@code name}. Therefore, this method cannot be used to
205 * obtain any of the {@code Class} objects representing primitive
206 * types or void.
207 *
208 * <p> If {@code name} denotes an array class, the component type of
209 * the array class is loaded but not initialized.
210 *
211 * <p> For example, in an instance method the expression:
212 *
213 * <blockquote>
214 * {@code Class.forName("Foo")}
215 * </blockquote>
216 *
217 * is equivalent to:
218 *
219 * <blockquote>
220 * {@code Class.forName("Foo", true, this.getClass().getClassLoader())}
221 * </blockquote>
222 *
223 * Note that this method throws errors related to loading, linking or
224 * initializing as specified in Sections 12.2, 12.3 and 12.4 of <em>The
225 * Java Language Specification</em>.
226 * Note that this method does not check whether the requested class
227 * is accessible to its caller.
228 *
229 * <p> If the {@code loader} is {@code null}, and a security
230 * manager is present, and the caller's class loader is not null, then this
231 * method calls the security manager's {@code checkPermission} method
232 * with a {@code RuntimePermission("getClassLoader")} permission to
233 * ensure it's ok to access the bootstrap class loader.
234 *
235 * @param name fully qualified name of the desired class
236 * @param initialize whether the class must be initialized
237 * @param loader class loader from which the class must be loaded
238 * @return class object representing the desired class
239 *
240 * @exception LinkageError if the linkage fails
241 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
242 * by this method fails
243 * @exception ClassNotFoundException if the class cannot be located by
244 * the specified class loader
245 *
246 * @see java.lang.Class#forName(String)
247 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader
248 * @since 1.2
249 */
250 public static Class<?> forName(String name, boolean initialize,
251 ClassLoader loader)
252 throws ClassNotFoundException
253 {
254 if (loader == null) {
255 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
256 if (sm != null) {
257 ClassLoader ccl = ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader();
258 if (ccl != null) {
259 sm.checkPermission(
260 SecurityConstants.GET_CLASSLOADER_PERMISSION);
261 }
262 }
263 }
264 return forName0(name, initialize, loader);
265 }
266
267 /** Called after security checks have been made. */
268 private static native Class forName0(String name, boolean initialize,
269 ClassLoader loader)
270 throws ClassNotFoundException;
271
272 /**
273 * Creates a new instance of the class represented by this {@code Class}
274 * object. The class is instantiated as if by a {@code new}
275 * expression with an empty argument list. The class is initialized if it
276 * has not already been initialized.
277 *
278 * <p>Note that this method propagates any exception thrown by the
279 * nullary constructor, including a checked exception. Use of
280 * this method effectively bypasses the compile-time exception
281 * checking that would otherwise be performed by the compiler.
282 * The {@link
283 * java.lang.reflect.Constructor#newInstance(java.lang.Object...)
284 * Constructor.newInstance} method avoids this problem by wrapping
285 * any exception thrown by the constructor in a (checked) {@link
286 * java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException}.
287 *
288 * @return a newly allocated instance of the class represented by this
289 * object.
290 * @exception IllegalAccessException if the class or its nullary
291 * constructor is not accessible.
292 * @exception InstantiationException
293 * if this {@code Class} represents an abstract class,
294 * an interface, an array class, a primitive type, or void;
295 * or if the class has no nullary constructor;
296 * or if the instantiation fails for some other reason.
297 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization
298 * provoked by this method fails.
299 * @exception SecurityException
300 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
301 * following conditions is met:
302 *
303 * <ul>
304 *
305 * <li> invocation of
306 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
307 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
308 * creation of new instances of this class
309 *
310 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
311 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
312 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
313 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
314 * of this class
315 *
316 * </ul>
317 *
318 */
319 public T newInstance()
320 throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException
321 {
322 if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
323 checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
324 }
325 return newInstance0();
326 }
327
328 private T newInstance0()
329 throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException
330 {
331 // NOTE: the following code may not be strictly correct under
332 // the current Java memory model.
333
334 // Constructor lookup
335 if (cachedConstructor == null) {
336 if (this == Class.class) {
337 throw new IllegalAccessException(
338 "Can not call newInstance() on the Class for java.lang.Class"
339 );
340 }
341 try {
342 Class[] empty = {};
343 final Constructor<T> c = getConstructor0(empty, Member.DECLARED);
344 // Disable accessibility checks on the constructor
345 // since we have to do the security check here anyway
346 // (the stack depth is wrong for the Constructor's
347 // security check to work)
348 java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
349 new java.security.PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
350 public Void run() {
351 c.setAccessible(true);
352 return null;
353 }
354 });
355 cachedConstructor = c;
356 } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
357 throw new InstantiationException(getName());
358 }
359 }
360 Constructor<T> tmpConstructor = cachedConstructor;
361 // Security check (same as in java.lang.reflect.Constructor)
362 int modifiers = tmpConstructor.getModifiers();
363 if (!Reflection.quickCheckMemberAccess(this, modifiers)) {
364 Class caller = Reflection.getCallerClass(3);
365 if (newInstanceCallerCache != caller) {
366 Reflection.ensureMemberAccess(caller, this, null, modifiers);
367 newInstanceCallerCache = caller;
368 }
369 }
370 // Run constructor
371 try {
372 return tmpConstructor.newInstance((Object[])null);
373 } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
374 Unsafe.getUnsafe().throwException(e.getTargetException());
375 // Not reached
376 return null;
377 }
378 }
379 private volatile transient Constructor<T> cachedConstructor;
380 private volatile transient Class newInstanceCallerCache;
381
382
383 /**
384 * Determines if the specified {@code Object} is assignment-compatible
385 * with the object represented by this {@code Class}. This method is
386 * the dynamic equivalent of the Java language {@code instanceof}
387 * operator. The method returns {@code true} if the specified
388 * {@code Object} argument is non-null and can be cast to the
389 * reference type represented by this {@code Class} object without
390 * raising a {@code ClassCastException.} It returns {@code false}
391 * otherwise.
392 *
393 * <p> Specifically, if this {@code Class} object represents a
394 * declared class, this method returns {@code true} if the specified
395 * {@code Object} argument is an instance of the represented class (or
396 * of any of its subclasses); it returns {@code false} otherwise. If
397 * this {@code Class} object represents an array class, this method
398 * returns {@code true} if the specified {@code Object} argument
399 * can be converted to an object of the array class by an identity
400 * conversion or by a widening reference conversion; it returns
401 * {@code false} otherwise. If this {@code Class} object
402 * represents an interface, this method returns {@code true} if the
403 * class or any superclass of the specified {@code Object} argument
404 * implements this interface; it returns {@code false} otherwise. If
405 * this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type, this method
406 * returns {@code false}.
407 *
408 * @param obj the object to check
409 * @return true if {@code obj} is an instance of this class
410 *
411 * @since JDK1.1
412 */
413 public native boolean isInstance(Object obj);
414
415
416 /**
417 * Determines if the class or interface represented by this
418 * {@code Class} object is either the same as, or is a superclass or
419 * superinterface of, the class or interface represented by the specified
420 * {@code Class} parameter. It returns {@code true} if so;
421 * otherwise it returns {@code false}. If this {@code Class}
422 * object represents a primitive type, this method returns
423 * {@code true} if the specified {@code Class} parameter is
424 * exactly this {@code Class} object; otherwise it returns
425 * {@code false}.
426 *
427 * <p> Specifically, this method tests whether the type represented by the
428 * specified {@code Class} parameter can be converted to the type
429 * represented by this {@code Class} object via an identity conversion
430 * or via a widening reference conversion. See <em>The Java Language
431 * Specification</em>, sections 5.1.1 and 5.1.4 , for details.
432 *
433 * @param cls the {@code Class} object to be checked
434 * @return the {@code boolean} value indicating whether objects of the
435 * type {@code cls} can be assigned to objects of this class
436 * @exception NullPointerException if the specified Class parameter is
437 * null.
438 * @since JDK1.1
439 */
440 public native boolean isAssignableFrom(Class<?> cls);
441
442
443 /**
444 * Determines if the specified {@code Class} object represents an
445 * interface type.
446 *
447 * @return {@code true} if this object represents an interface;
448 * {@code false} otherwise.
449 */
450 public native boolean isInterface();
451
452
453 /**
454 * Determines if this {@code Class} object represents an array class.
455 *
456 * @return {@code true} if this object represents an array class;
457 * {@code false} otherwise.
458 * @since JDK1.1
459 */
460 public native boolean isArray();
461
462
463 /**
464 * Determines if the specified {@code Class} object represents a
465 * primitive type.
466 *
467 * <p> There are nine predefined {@code Class} objects to represent
468 * the eight primitive types and void. These are created by the Java
469 * Virtual Machine, and have the same names as the primitive types that
470 * they represent, namely {@code boolean}, {@code byte},
471 * {@code char}, {@code short}, {@code int},
472 * {@code long}, {@code float}, and {@code double}.
473 *
474 * <p> These objects may only be accessed via the following public static
475 * final variables, and are the only {@code Class} objects for which
476 * this method returns {@code true}.
477 *
478 * @return true if and only if this class represents a primitive type
479 *
480 * @see java.lang.Boolean#TYPE
481 * @see java.lang.Character#TYPE
482 * @see java.lang.Byte#TYPE
483 * @see java.lang.Short#TYPE
484 * @see java.lang.Integer#TYPE
485 * @see java.lang.Long#TYPE
486 * @see java.lang.Float#TYPE
487 * @see java.lang.Double#TYPE
488 * @see java.lang.Void#TYPE
489 * @since JDK1.1
490 */
491 public native boolean isPrimitive();
492
493 /**
494 * Returns true if this {@code Class} object represents an annotation
495 * type. Note that if this method returns true, {@link #isInterface()}
496 * would also return true, as all annotation types are also interfaces.
497 *
498 * @return {@code true} if this class object represents an annotation
499 * type; {@code false} otherwise
500 * @since 1.5
501 */
502 public boolean isAnnotation() {
503 return (getModifiers() & ANNOTATION) != 0;
504 }
505
506 /**
507 * Returns {@code true} if this class is a synthetic class;
508 * returns {@code false} otherwise.
509 * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is a synthetic class as
510 * defined by the Java Language Specification.
511 * @since 1.5
512 */
513 public boolean isSynthetic() {
514 return (getModifiers() & SYNTHETIC) != 0;
515 }
516
517 /**
518 * Returns the name of the entity (class, interface, array class,
519 * primitive type, or void) represented by this {@code Class} object,
520 * as a {@code String}.
521 *
522 * <p> If this class object represents a reference type that is not an
523 * array type then the binary name of the class is returned, as specified
524 * by the Java Language Specification, Second Edition.
525 *
526 * <p> If this class object represents a primitive type or void, then the
527 * name returned is a {@code String} equal to the Java language
528 * keyword corresponding to the primitive type or void.
529 *
530 * <p> If this class object represents a class of arrays, then the internal
531 * form of the name consists of the name of the element type preceded by
532 * one or more '{@code [}' characters representing the depth of the array
533 * nesting. The encoding of element type names is as follows:
534 *
535 * <blockquote><table summary="Element types and encodings">
536 * <tr><th> Element Type <th> <th> Encoding
537 * <tr><td> boolean <td> <td align=center> Z
538 * <tr><td> byte <td> <td align=center> B
539 * <tr><td> char <td> <td align=center> C
540 * <tr><td> class or interface
541 * <td> <td align=center> L<i>classname</i>;
542 * <tr><td> double <td> <td align=center> D
543 * <tr><td> float <td> <td align=center> F
544 * <tr><td> int <td> <td align=center> I
545 * <tr><td> long <td> <td align=center> J
546 * <tr><td> short <td> <td align=center> S
547 * </table></blockquote>
548 *
549 * <p> The class or interface name <i>classname</i> is the binary name of
550 * the class specified above.
551 *
552 * <p> Examples:
553 * <blockquote><pre>
554 * String.class.getName()
555 * returns "java.lang.String"
556 * byte.class.getName()
557 * returns "byte"
558 * (new Object[3]).getClass().getName()
559 * returns "[Ljava.lang.Object;"
560 * (new int[3][4][5][6][7][8][9]).getClass().getName()
561 * returns "[[[[[[[I"
562 * </pre></blockquote>
563 *
564 * @return the name of the class or interface
565 * represented by this object.
566 */
567 public String getName() {
568 if (name == null)
569 name = getName0();
570 return name;
571 }
572
573 // cache the name to reduce the number of calls into the VM
574 private transient String name;
575 private native String getName0();
576
577 /**
578 * Returns the class loader for the class. Some implementations may use
579 * null to represent the bootstrap class loader. This method will return
580 * null in such implementations if this class was loaded by the bootstrap
581 * class loader.
582 *
583 * <p> If a security manager is present, and the caller's class loader is
584 * not null and the caller's class loader is not the same as or an ancestor of
585 * the class loader for the class whose class loader is requested, then
586 * this method calls the security manager's {@code checkPermission}
587 * method with a {@code RuntimePermission("getClassLoader")}
588 * permission to ensure it's ok to access the class loader for the class.
589 *
590 * <p>If this object
591 * represents a primitive type or void, null is returned.
592 *
593 * @return the class loader that loaded the class or interface
594 * represented by this object.
595 * @throws SecurityException
596 * if a security manager exists and its
597 * {@code checkPermission} method denies
598 * access to the class loader for the class.
599 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader
600 * @see SecurityManager#checkPermission
601 * @see java.lang.RuntimePermission
602 */
603 public ClassLoader getClassLoader() {
604 ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
605 if (cl == null)
606 return null;
607 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
608 if (sm != null) {
609 ClassLoader ccl = ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader();
610 if (ccl != null && ccl != cl && !cl.isAncestor(ccl)) {
611 sm.checkPermission(SecurityConstants.GET_CLASSLOADER_PERMISSION);
612 }
613 }
614 return cl;
615 }
616
617 // Package-private to allow ClassLoader access
618 native ClassLoader getClassLoader0();
619
620
621 /**
622 * Returns an array of {@code TypeVariable} objects that represent the
623 * type variables declared by the generic declaration represented by this
624 * {@code GenericDeclaration} object, in declaration order. Returns an
625 * array of length 0 if the underlying generic declaration declares no type
626 * variables.
627 *
628 * @return an array of {@code TypeVariable} objects that represent
629 * the type variables declared by this generic declaration
630 * @throws GenericSignatureFormatError if the generic
631 * signature of this generic declaration does not conform to
632 * the format specified in the Java Virtual Machine Specification,
633 * 3rd edition
634 * @since 1.5
635 */
636 public TypeVariable<Class<T>>[] getTypeParameters() {
637 if (getGenericSignature() != null)
638 return (TypeVariable<Class<T>>[])getGenericInfo().getTypeParameters();
639 else
640 return (TypeVariable<Class<T>>[])new TypeVariable[0];
641 }
642
643
644 /**
645 * Returns the {@code Class} representing the superclass of the entity
646 * (class, interface, primitive type or void) represented by this
647 * {@code Class}. If this {@code Class} represents either the
648 * {@code Object} class, an interface, a primitive type, or void, then
649 * null is returned. If this object represents an array class then the
650 * {@code Class} object representing the {@code Object} class is
651 * returned.
652 *
653 * @return the superclass of the class represented by this object.
654 */
655 public native Class<? super T> getSuperclass();
656
657
658 /**
659 * Returns the {@code Type} representing the direct superclass of
660 * the entity (class, interface, primitive type or void) represented by
661 * this {@code Class}.
662 *
663 * <p>If the superclass is a parameterized type, the {@code Type}
664 * object returned must accurately reflect the actual type
665 * parameters used in the source code. The parameterized type
666 * representing the superclass is created if it had not been
667 * created before. See the declaration of {@link
668 * java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType ParameterizedType} for the
669 * semantics of the creation process for parameterized types. If
670 * this {@code Class} represents either the {@code Object}
671 * class, an interface, a primitive type, or void, then null is
672 * returned. If this object represents an array class then the
673 * {@code Class} object representing the {@code Object} class is
674 * returned.
675 *
676 * @throws GenericSignatureFormatError if the generic
677 * class signature does not conform to the format specified in the
678 * Java Virtual Machine Specification, 3rd edition
679 * @throws TypeNotPresentException if the generic superclass
680 * refers to a non-existent type declaration
681 * @throws MalformedParameterizedTypeException if the
682 * generic superclass refers to a parameterized type that cannot be
683 * instantiated for any reason
684 * @return the superclass of the class represented by this object
685 * @since 1.5
686 */
687 public Type getGenericSuperclass() {
688 if (getGenericSignature() != null) {
689 // Historical irregularity:
690 // Generic signature marks interfaces with superclass = Object
691 // but this API returns null for interfaces
692 if (isInterface())
693 return null;
694 return getGenericInfo().getSuperclass();
695 } else
696 return getSuperclass();
697 }
698
699 /**
700 * Gets the package for this class. The class loader of this class is used
701 * to find the package. If the class was loaded by the bootstrap class
702 * loader the set of packages loaded from CLASSPATH is searched to find the
703 * package of the class. Null is returned if no package object was created
704 * by the class loader of this class.
705 *
706 * <p> Packages have attributes for versions and specifications only if the
707 * information was defined in the manifests that accompany the classes, and
708 * if the class loader created the package instance with the attributes
709 * from the manifest.
710 *
711 * @return the package of the class, or null if no package
712 * information is available from the archive or codebase.
713 */
714 public Package getPackage() {
715 return Package.getPackage(this);
716 }
717
718
719 /**
720 * Determines the interfaces implemented by the class or interface
721 * represented by this object.
722 *
723 * <p> If this object represents a class, the return value is an array
724 * containing objects representing all interfaces implemented by the
725 * class. The order of the interface objects in the array corresponds to
726 * the order of the interface names in the {@code implements} clause
727 * of the declaration of the class represented by this object. For
728 * example, given the declaration:
729 * <blockquote>
730 * {@code class Shimmer implements FloorWax, DessertTopping { ... }}
731 * </blockquote>
732 * suppose the value of {@code s} is an instance of
733 * {@code Shimmer}; the value of the expression:
734 * <blockquote>
735 * {@code s.getClass().getInterfaces()[0]}
736 * </blockquote>
737 * is the {@code Class} object that represents interface
738 * {@code FloorWax}; and the value of:
739 * <blockquote>
740 * {@code s.getClass().getInterfaces()[1]}
741 * </blockquote>
742 * is the {@code Class} object that represents interface
743 * {@code DessertTopping}.
744 *
745 * <p> If this object represents an interface, the array contains objects
746 * representing all interfaces extended by the interface. The order of the
747 * interface objects in the array corresponds to the order of the interface
748 * names in the {@code extends} clause of the declaration of the
749 * interface represented by this object.
750 *
751 * <p> If this object represents a class or interface that implements no
752 * interfaces, the method returns an array of length 0.
753 *
754 * <p> If this object represents a primitive type or void, the method
755 * returns an array of length 0.
756 *
757 * @return an array of interfaces implemented by this class.
758 */
759 public native Class<?>[] getInterfaces();
760
761 /**
762 * Returns the {@code Type}s representing the interfaces
763 * directly implemented by the class or interface represented by
764 * this object.
765 *
766 * <p>If a superinterface is a parameterized type, the
767 * {@code Type} object returned for it must accurately reflect
768 * the actual type parameters used in the source code. The
769 * parameterized type representing each superinterface is created
770 * if it had not been created before. See the declaration of
771 * {@link java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType ParameterizedType}
772 * for the semantics of the creation process for parameterized
773 * types.
774 *
775 * <p> If this object represents a class, the return value is an
776 * array containing objects representing all interfaces
777 * implemented by the class. The order of the interface objects in
778 * the array corresponds to the order of the interface names in
779 * the {@code implements} clause of the declaration of the class
780 * represented by this object. In the case of an array class, the
781 * interfaces {@code Cloneable} and {@code Serializable} are
782 * returned in that order.
783 *
784 * <p>If this object represents an interface, the array contains
785 * objects representing all interfaces directly extended by the
786 * interface. The order of the interface objects in the array
787 * corresponds to the order of the interface names in the
788 * {@code extends} clause of the declaration of the interface
789 * represented by this object.
790 *
791 * <p>If this object represents a class or interface that
792 * implements no interfaces, the method returns an array of length
793 * 0.
794 *
795 * <p>If this object represents a primitive type or void, the
796 * method returns an array of length 0.
797 *
798 * @throws GenericSignatureFormatError
799 * if the generic class signature does not conform to the format
800 * specified in the Java Virtual Machine Specification, 3rd edition
801 * @throws TypeNotPresentException if any of the generic
802 * superinterfaces refers to a non-existent type declaration
803 * @throws MalformedParameterizedTypeException if any of the
804 * generic superinterfaces refer to a parameterized type that cannot
805 * be instantiated for any reason
806 * @return an array of interfaces implemented by this class
807 * @since 1.5
808 */
809 public Type[] getGenericInterfaces() {
810 if (getGenericSignature() != null)
811 return getGenericInfo().getSuperInterfaces();
812 else
813 return getInterfaces();
814 }
815
816
817 /**
818 * Returns the {@code Class} representing the component type of an
819 * array. If this class does not represent an array class this method
820 * returns null.
821 *
822 * @return the {@code Class} representing the component type of this
823 * class if this class is an array
824 * @see java.lang.reflect.Array
825 * @since JDK1.1
826 */
827 public native Class<?> getComponentType();
828
829
830 /**
831 * Returns the Java language modifiers for this class or interface, encoded
832 * in an integer. The modifiers consist of the Java Virtual Machine's
833 * constants for {@code public}, {@code protected},
834 * {@code private}, {@code final}, {@code static},
835 * {@code abstract} and {@code interface}; they should be decoded
836 * using the methods of class {@code Modifier}.
837 *
838 * <p> If the underlying class is an array class, then its
839 * {@code public}, {@code private} and {@code protected}
840 * modifiers are the same as those of its component type. If this
841 * {@code Class} represents a primitive type or void, its
842 * {@code public} modifier is always {@code true}, and its
843 * {@code protected} and {@code private} modifiers are always
844 * {@code false}. If this object represents an array class, a
845 * primitive type or void, then its {@code final} modifier is always
846 * {@code true} and its interface modifier is always
847 * {@code false}. The values of its other modifiers are not determined
848 * by this specification.
849 *
850 * <p> The modifier encodings are defined in <em>The Java Virtual Machine
851 * Specification</em>, table 4.1.
852 *
853 * @return the {@code int} representing the modifiers for this class
854 * @see java.lang.reflect.Modifier
855 * @since JDK1.1
856 */
857 public native int getModifiers();
858
859
860 /**
861 * Gets the signers of this class.
862 *
863 * @return the signers of this class, or null if there are no signers. In
864 * particular, this method returns null if this object represents
865 * a primitive type or void.
866 * @since JDK1.1
867 */
868 public native Object[] getSigners();
869
870
871 /**
872 * Set the signers of this class.
873 */
874 native void setSigners(Object[] signers);
875
876
877 /**
878 * If this {@code Class} object represents a local or anonymous
879 * class within a method, returns a {@link
880 * java.lang.reflect.Method Method} object representing the
881 * immediately enclosing method of the underlying class. Returns
882 * {@code null} otherwise.
883 *
884 * In particular, this method returns {@code null} if the underlying
885 * class is a local or anonymous class immediately enclosed by a type
886 * declaration, instance initializer or static initializer.
887 *
888 * @return the immediately enclosing method of the underlying class, if
889 * that class is a local or anonymous class; otherwise {@code null}.
890 * @since 1.5
891 */
892 public Method getEnclosingMethod() {
893 EnclosingMethodInfo enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethodInfo();
894
895 if (enclosingInfo == null)
896 return null;
897 else {
898 if (!enclosingInfo.isMethod())
899 return null;
900
901 MethodRepository typeInfo = MethodRepository.make(enclosingInfo.getDescriptor(),
902 getFactory());
903 Class returnType = toClass(typeInfo.getReturnType());
904 Type [] parameterTypes = typeInfo.getParameterTypes();
905 Class<?>[] parameterClasses = new Class<?>[parameterTypes.length];
906
907 // Convert Types to Classes; returned types *should*
908 // be class objects since the methodDescriptor's used
909 // don't have generics information
910 for(int i = 0; i < parameterClasses.length; i++)
911 parameterClasses[i] = toClass(parameterTypes[i]);
912
913 /*
914 * Loop over all declared methods; match method name,
915 * number of and type of parameters, *and* return
916 * type. Matching return type is also necessary
917 * because of covariant returns, etc.
918 */
919 for(Method m: enclosingInfo.getEnclosingClass().getDeclaredMethods()) {
920 if (m.getName().equals(enclosingInfo.getName()) ) {
921 Class<?>[] candidateParamClasses = m.getParameterTypes();
922 if (candidateParamClasses.length == parameterClasses.length) {
923 boolean matches = true;
924 for(int i = 0; i < candidateParamClasses.length; i++) {
925 if (!candidateParamClasses[i].equals(parameterClasses[i])) {
926 matches = false;
927 break;
928 }
929 }
930
931 if (matches) { // finally, check return type
932 if (m.getReturnType().equals(returnType) )
933 return m;
934 }
935 }
936 }
937 }
938
939 throw new InternalError("Enclosing method not found");
940 }
941 }
942
943 private native Object[] getEnclosingMethod0();
944
945 private EnclosingMethodInfo getEnclosingMethodInfo() {
946 Object[] enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethod0();
947 if (enclosingInfo == null)
948 return null;
949 else {
950 return new EnclosingMethodInfo(enclosingInfo);
951 }
952 }
953
954 private final static class EnclosingMethodInfo {
955 private Class<?> enclosingClass;
956 private String name;
957 private String descriptor;
958
959 private EnclosingMethodInfo(Object[] enclosingInfo) {
960 if (enclosingInfo.length != 3)
961 throw new InternalError("Malformed enclosing method information");
962 try {
963 // The array is expected to have three elements:
964
965 // the immediately enclosing class
966 enclosingClass = (Class<?>) enclosingInfo[0];
967 assert(enclosingClass != null);
968
969 // the immediately enclosing method or constructor's
970 // name (can be null).
971 name = (String) enclosingInfo[1];
972
973 // the immediately enclosing method or constructor's
974 // descriptor (null iff name is).
975 descriptor = (String) enclosingInfo[2];
976 assert((name != null && descriptor != null) || name == descriptor);
977 } catch (ClassCastException cce) {
978 throw new InternalError("Invalid type in enclosing method information");
979 }
980 }
981
982 boolean isPartial() {
983 return enclosingClass == null || name == null || descriptor == null;
984 }
985
986 boolean isConstructor() { return !isPartial() && "<init>".equals(name); }
987
988 boolean isMethod() { return !isPartial() && !isConstructor() && !"<clinit>".equals(name); }
989
990 Class<?> getEnclosingClass() { return enclosingClass; }
991
992 String getName() { return name; }
993
994 String getDescriptor() { return descriptor; }
995
996 }
997
998 private static Class toClass(Type o) {
999 if (o instanceof GenericArrayType)
1000 return Array.newInstance(toClass(((GenericArrayType)o).getGenericComponentType()),
1001 0)
1002 .getClass();
1003 return (Class)o;
1004 }
1005
1006 /**
1007 * If this {@code Class} object represents a local or anonymous
1008 * class within a constructor, returns a {@link
1009 * java.lang.reflect.Constructor Constructor} object representing
1010 * the immediately enclosing constructor of the underlying
1011 * class. Returns {@code null} otherwise. In particular, this
1012 * method returns {@code null} if the underlying class is a local
1013 * or anonymous class immediately enclosed by a type declaration,
1014 * instance initializer or static initializer.
1015 *
1016 * @return the immediately enclosing constructor of the underlying class, if
1017 * that class is a local or anonymous class; otherwise {@code null}.
1018 * @since 1.5
1019 */
1020 public Constructor<?> getEnclosingConstructor() {
1021 EnclosingMethodInfo enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethodInfo();
1022
1023 if (enclosingInfo == null)
1024 return null;
1025 else {
1026 if (!enclosingInfo.isConstructor())
1027 return null;
1028
1029 ConstructorRepository typeInfo = ConstructorRepository.make(enclosingInfo.getDescriptor(),
1030 getFactory());
1031 Type [] parameterTypes = typeInfo.getParameterTypes();
1032 Class<?>[] parameterClasses = new Class<?>[parameterTypes.length];
1033
1034 // Convert Types to Classes; returned types *should*
1035 // be class objects since the methodDescriptor's used
1036 // don't have generics information
1037 for(int i = 0; i < parameterClasses.length; i++)
1038 parameterClasses[i] = toClass(parameterTypes[i]);
1039
1040 /*
1041 * Loop over all declared constructors; match number
1042 * of and type of parameters.
1043 */
1044 for(Constructor c: enclosingInfo.getEnclosingClass().getDeclaredConstructors()) {
1045 Class<?>[] candidateParamClasses = c.getParameterTypes();
1046 if (candidateParamClasses.length == parameterClasses.length) {
1047 boolean matches = true;
1048 for(int i = 0; i < candidateParamClasses.length; i++) {
1049 if (!candidateParamClasses[i].equals(parameterClasses[i])) {
1050 matches = false;
1051 break;
1052 }
1053 }
1054
1055 if (matches)
1056 return c;
1057 }
1058 }
1059
1060 throw new InternalError("Enclosing constructor not found");
1061 }
1062 }
1063
1064
1065 /**
1066 * If the class or interface represented by this {@code Class} object
1067 * is a member of another class, returns the {@code Class} object
1068 * representing the class in which it was declared. This method returns
1069 * null if this class or interface is not a member of any other class. If
1070 * this {@code Class} object represents an array class, a primitive
1071 * type, or void,then this method returns null.
1072 *
1073 * @return the declaring class for this class
1074 * @since JDK1.1
1075 */
1076 public native Class<?> getDeclaringClass();
1077
1078
1079 /**
1080 * Returns the immediately enclosing class of the underlying
1081 * class. If the underlying class is a top level class this
1082 * method returns {@code null}.
1083 * @return the immediately enclosing class of the underlying class
1084 * @since 1.5
1085 */
1086 public Class<?> getEnclosingClass() {
1087 // There are five kinds of classes (or interfaces):
1088 // a) Top level classes
1089 // b) Nested classes (static member classes)
1090 // c) Inner classes (non-static member classes)
1091 // d) Local classes (named classes declared within a method)
1092 // e) Anonymous classes
1093
1094
1095 // JVM Spec 4.8.6: A class must have an EnclosingMethod
1096 // attribute if and only if it is a local class or an
1097 // anonymous class.
1098 EnclosingMethodInfo enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethodInfo();
1099
1100 if (enclosingInfo == null) {
1101 // This is a top level or a nested class or an inner class (a, b, or c)
1102 return getDeclaringClass();
1103 } else {
1104 Class<?> enclosingClass = enclosingInfo.getEnclosingClass();
1105 // This is a local class or an anonymous class (d or e)
1106 if (enclosingClass == this || enclosingClass == null)
1107 throw new InternalError("Malformed enclosing method information");
1108 else
1109 return enclosingClass;
1110 }
1111 }
1112
1113 /**
1114 * Returns the simple name of the underlying class as given in the
1115 * source code. Returns an empty string if the underlying class is
1116 * anonymous.
1117 *
1118 * <p>The simple name of an array is the simple name of the
1119 * component type with "[]" appended. In particular the simple
1120 * name of an array whose component type is anonymous is "[]".
1121 *
1122 * @return the simple name of the underlying class
1123 * @since 1.5
1124 */
1125 public String getSimpleName() {
1126 if (isArray())
1127 return getComponentType().getSimpleName()+"[]";
1128
1129 String simpleName = getSimpleBinaryName();
1130 if (simpleName == null) { // top level class
1131 simpleName = getName();
1132 return simpleName.substring(simpleName.lastIndexOf(".")+1); // strip the package name
1133 }
1134 // According to JLS3 "Binary Compatibility" (13.1) the binary
1135 // name of non-package classes (not top level) is the binary
1136 // name of the immediately enclosing class followed by a '$' followed by:
1137 // (for nested and inner classes): the simple name.
1138 // (for local classes): 1 or more digits followed by the simple name.
1139 // (for anonymous classes): 1 or more digits.
1140
1141 // Since getSimpleBinaryName() will strip the binary name of
1142 // the immediatly enclosing class, we are now looking at a
1143 // string that matches the regular expression "\$[0-9]*"
1144 // followed by a simple name (considering the simple of an
1145 // anonymous class to be the empty string).
1146
1147 // Remove leading "\$[0-9]*" from the name
1148 int length = simpleName.length();
1149 if (length < 1 || simpleName.charAt(0) != '$')
1150 throw new InternalError("Malformed class name");
1151 int index = 1;
1152 while (index < length && isAsciiDigit(simpleName.charAt(index)))
1153 index++;
1154 // Eventually, this is the empty string iff this is an anonymous class
1155 return simpleName.substring(index);
1156 }
1157
1158 /**
1159 * Character.isDigit answers {@code true} to some non-ascii
1160 * digits. This one does not.
1161 */
1162 private static boolean isAsciiDigit(char c) {
1163 return '0' <= c && c <= '9';
1164 }
1165
1166 /**
1167 * Returns the canonical name of the underlying class as
1168 * defined by the Java Language Specification. Returns null if
1169 * the underlying class does not have a canonical name (i.e., if
1170 * it is a local or anonymous class or an array whose component
1171 * type does not have a canonical name).
1172 * @return the canonical name of the underlying class if it exists, and
1173 * {@code null} otherwise.
1174 * @since 1.5
1175 */
1176 public String getCanonicalName() {
1177 if (isArray()) {
1178 String canonicalName = getComponentType().getCanonicalName();
1179 if (canonicalName != null)
1180 return canonicalName + "[]";
1181 else
1182 return null;
1183 }
1184 if (isLocalOrAnonymousClass())
1185 return null;
1186 Class<?> enclosingClass = getEnclosingClass();
1187 if (enclosingClass == null) { // top level class
1188 return getName();
1189 } else {
1190 String enclosingName = enclosingClass.getCanonicalName();
1191 if (enclosingName == null)
1192 return null;
1193 return enclosingName + "." + getSimpleName();
1194 }
1195 }
1196
1197 /**
1198 * Returns {@code true} if and only if the underlying class
1199 * is an anonymous class.
1200 *
1201 * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is an anonymous class.
1202 * @since 1.5
1203 */
1204 public boolean isAnonymousClass() {
1205 return "".equals(getSimpleName());
1206 }
1207
1208 /**
1209 * Returns {@code true} if and only if the underlying class
1210 * is a local class.
1211 *
1212 * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is a local class.
1213 * @since 1.5
1214 */
1215 public boolean isLocalClass() {
1216 return isLocalOrAnonymousClass() && !isAnonymousClass();
1217 }
1218
1219 /**
1220 * Returns {@code true} if and only if the underlying class
1221 * is a member class.
1222 *
1223 * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is a member class.
1224 * @since 1.5
1225 */
1226 public boolean isMemberClass() {
1227 return getSimpleBinaryName() != null && !isLocalOrAnonymousClass();
1228 }
1229
1230 /**
1231 * Returns the "simple binary name" of the underlying class, i.e.,
1232 * the binary name without the leading enclosing class name.
1233 * Returns {@code null} if the underlying class is a top level
1234 * class.
1235 */
1236 private String getSimpleBinaryName() {
1237 Class<?> enclosingClass = getEnclosingClass();
1238 if (enclosingClass == null) // top level class
1239 return null;
1240 // Otherwise, strip the enclosing class' name
1241 try {
1242 return getName().substring(enclosingClass.getName().length());
1243 } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
1244 throw new InternalError("Malformed class name");
1245 }
1246 }
1247
1248 /**
1249 * Returns {@code true} if this is a local class or an anonymous
1250 * class. Returns {@code false} otherwise.
1251 */
1252 private boolean isLocalOrAnonymousClass() {
1253 // JVM Spec 4.8.6: A class must have an EnclosingMethod
1254 // attribute if and only if it is a local class or an
1255 // anonymous class.
1256 return getEnclosingMethodInfo() != null;
1257 }
1258
1259 /**
1260 * Returns an array containing {@code Class} objects representing all
1261 * the public classes and interfaces that are members of the class
1262 * represented by this {@code Class} object. This includes public
1263 * class and interface members inherited from superclasses and public class
1264 * and interface members declared by the class. This method returns an
1265 * array of length 0 if this {@code Class} object has no public member
1266 * classes or interfaces. This method also returns an array of length 0 if
1267 * this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type, an array
1268 * class, or void.
1269 *
1270 * @return the array of {@code Class} objects representing the public
1271 * members of this class
1272 * @exception SecurityException
1273 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1274 * following conditions is met:
1275 *
1276 * <ul>
1277 *
1278 * <li> invocation of
1279 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1280 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} method
1281 * denies access to the classes within this class
1282 *
1283 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1284 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1285 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1286 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1287 * of this class
1288 *
1289 * </ul>
1290 *
1291 * @since JDK1.1
1292 */
1293 public Class<?>[] getClasses() {
1294 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1295 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1296 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1297 checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1298
1299 // Privileged so this implementation can look at DECLARED classes,
1300 // something the caller might not have privilege to do. The code here
1301 // is allowed to look at DECLARED classes because (1) it does not hand
1302 // out anything other than public members and (2) public member access
1303 // has already been ok'd by the SecurityManager.
1304
1305 return java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
1306 new java.security.PrivilegedAction<Class[]>() {
1307 public Class[] run() {
1308 List<Class> list = new ArrayList<Class>();
1309 Class currentClass = Class.this;
1310 while (currentClass != null) {
1311 Class[] members = currentClass.getDeclaredClasses();
1312 for (int i = 0; i < members.length; i++) {
1313 if (Modifier.isPublic(members[i].getModifiers())) {
1314 list.add(members[i]);
1315 }
1316 }
1317 currentClass = currentClass.getSuperclass();
1318 }
1319 return list.toArray(new Class[0]);
1320 }
1321 });
1322 }
1323
1324
1325 /**
1326 * Returns an array containing {@code Field} objects reflecting all
1327 * the accessible public fields of the class or interface represented by
1328 * this {@code Class} object. The elements in the array returned are
1329 * not sorted and are not in any particular order. This method returns an
1330 * array of length 0 if the class or interface has no accessible public
1331 * fields, or if it represents an array class, a primitive type, or void.
1332 *
1333 * <p> Specifically, if this {@code Class} object represents a class,
1334 * this method returns the public fields of this class and of all its
1335 * superclasses. If this {@code Class} object represents an
1336 * interface, this method returns the fields of this interface and of all
1337 * its superinterfaces.
1338 *
1339 * <p> The implicit length field for array class is not reflected by this
1340 * method. User code should use the methods of class {@code Array} to
1341 * manipulate arrays.
1342 *
1343 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.3.
1344 *
1345 * @return the array of {@code Field} objects representing the
1346 * public fields
1347 * @exception SecurityException
1348 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1349 * following conditions is met:
1350 *
1351 * <ul>
1352 *
1353 * <li> invocation of
1354 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1355 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1356 * access to the fields within this class
1357 *
1358 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1359 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1360 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1361 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1362 * of this class
1363 *
1364 * </ul>
1365 *
1366 * @since JDK1.1
1367 */
1368 public Field[] getFields() throws SecurityException {
1369 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1370 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1371 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1372 checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1373 return copyFields(privateGetPublicFields(null));
1374 }
1375
1376
1377 /**
1378 * Returns an array containing {@code Method} objects reflecting all
1379 * the public <em>member</em> methods of the class or interface represented
1380 * by this {@code Class} object, including those declared by the class
1381 * or interface and those inherited from superclasses and
1382 * superinterfaces. Array classes return all the (public) member methods
1383 * inherited from the {@code Object} class. The elements in the array
1384 * returned are not sorted and are not in any particular order. This
1385 * method returns an array of length 0 if this {@code Class} object
1386 * represents a class or interface that has no public member methods, or if
1387 * this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type or void.
1388 *
1389 * <p> The class initialization method {@code <clinit>} is not
1390 * included in the returned array. If the class declares multiple public
1391 * member methods with the same parameter types, they are all included in
1392 * the returned array.
1393 *
1394 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.4.
1395 *
1396 * @return the array of {@code Method} objects representing the
1397 * public methods of this class
1398 * @exception SecurityException
1399 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1400 * following conditions is met:
1401 *
1402 * <ul>
1403 *
1404 * <li> invocation of
1405 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1406 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1407 * access to the methods within this class
1408 *
1409 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1410 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1411 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1412 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1413 * of this class
1414 *
1415 * </ul>
1416 *
1417 * @since JDK1.1
1418 */
1419 public Method[] getMethods() throws SecurityException {
1420 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1421 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1422 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1423 checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1424 return copyMethods(privateGetPublicMethods());
1425 }
1426
1427
1428 /**
1429 * Returns an array containing {@code Constructor} objects reflecting
1430 * all the public constructors of the class represented by this
1431 * {@code Class} object. An array of length 0 is returned if the
1432 * class has no public constructors, or if the class is an array class, or
1433 * if the class reflects a primitive type or void.
1434 *
1435 * Note that while this method returns an array of {@code
1436 * Constructor<T>} objects (that is an array of constructors from
1437 * this class), the return type of this method is {@code
1438 * Constructor<?>[]} and <em>not</em> {@code Constructor<T>[]} as
1439 * might be expected. This less informative return type is
1440 * necessary since after being returned from this method, the
1441 * array could be modified to hold {@code Constructor} objects for
1442 * different classes, which would violate the type guarantees of
1443 * {@code Constructor<T>[]}.
1444 *
1445 * @return the array of {@code Constructor} objects representing the
1446 * public constructors of this class
1447 * @exception SecurityException
1448 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1449 * following conditions is met:
1450 *
1451 * <ul>
1452 *
1453 * <li> invocation of
1454 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1455 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1456 * access to the constructors within this class
1457 *
1458 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1459 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1460 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1461 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1462 * of this class
1463 *
1464 * </ul>
1465 *
1466 * @since JDK1.1
1467 */
1468 public Constructor<?>[] getConstructors() throws SecurityException {
1469 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1470 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1471 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1472 checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1473 return copyConstructors(privateGetDeclaredConstructors(true));
1474 }
1475
1476
1477 /**
1478 * Returns a {@code Field} object that reflects the specified public
1479 * member field of the class or interface represented by this
1480 * {@code Class} object. The {@code name} parameter is a
1481 * {@code String} specifying the simple name of the desired field.
1482 *
1483 * <p> The field to be reflected is determined by the algorithm that
1484 * follows. Let C be the class represented by this object:
1485 * <OL>
1486 * <LI> If C declares a public field with the name specified, that is the
1487 * field to be reflected.</LI>
1488 * <LI> If no field was found in step 1 above, this algorithm is applied
1489 * recursively to each direct superinterface of C. The direct
1490 * superinterfaces are searched in the order they were declared.</LI>
1491 * <LI> If no field was found in steps 1 and 2 above, and C has a
1492 * superclass S, then this algorithm is invoked recursively upon S.
1493 * If C has no superclass, then a {@code NoSuchFieldException}
1494 * is thrown.</LI>
1495 * </OL>
1496 *
1497 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.3.
1498 *
1499 * @param name the field name
1500 * @return the {@code Field} object of this class specified by
1501 * {@code name}
1502 * @exception NoSuchFieldException if a field with the specified name is
1503 * not found.
1504 * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
1505 * @exception SecurityException
1506 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1507 * following conditions is met:
1508 *
1509 * <ul>
1510 *
1511 * <li> invocation of
1512 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1513 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1514 * access to the field
1515 *
1516 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1517 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1518 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1519 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1520 * of this class
1521 *
1522 * </ul>
1523 *
1524 * @since JDK1.1
1525 */
1526 public Field getField(String name)
1527 throws NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException {
1528 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1529 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1530 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1531 checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1532 Field field = getField0(name);
1533 if (field == null) {
1534 throw new NoSuchFieldException(name);
1535 }
1536 return field;
1537 }
1538
1539
1540 /**
1541 * Returns a {@code Method} object that reflects the specified public
1542 * member method of the class or interface represented by this
1543 * {@code Class} object. The {@code name} parameter is a
1544 * {@code String} specifying the simple name of the desired method. The
1545 * {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of {@code Class}
1546 * objects that identify the method's formal parameter types, in declared
1547 * order. If {@code parameterTypes} is {@code null}, it is
1548 * treated as if it were an empty array.
1549 *
1550 * <p> If the {@code name} is "{@code <init>};"or "{@code <clinit>}" a
1551 * {@code NoSuchMethodException} is raised. Otherwise, the method to
1552 * be reflected is determined by the algorithm that follows. Let C be the
1553 * class represented by this object:
1554 * <OL>
1555 * <LI> C is searched for any <I>matching methods</I>. If no matching
1556 * method is found, the algorithm of step 1 is invoked recursively on
1557 * the superclass of C.</LI>
1558 * <LI> If no method was found in step 1 above, the superinterfaces of C
1559 * are searched for a matching method. If any such method is found, it
1560 * is reflected.</LI>
1561 * </OL>
1562 *
1563 * To find a matching method in a class C: If C declares exactly one
1564 * public method with the specified name and exactly the same formal
1565 * parameter types, that is the method reflected. If more than one such
1566 * method is found in C, and one of these methods has a return type that is
1567 * more specific than any of the others, that method is reflected;
1568 * otherwise one of the methods is chosen arbitrarily.
1569 *
1570 * <p>Note that there may be more than one matching method in a
1571 * class because while the Java language forbids a class to
1572 * declare multiple methods with the same signature but different
1573 * return types, the Java virtual machine does not. This
1574 * increased flexibility in the virtual machine can be used to
1575 * implement various language features. For example, covariant
1576 * returns can be implemented with {@linkplain
1577 * java.lang.reflect.Method#isBridge bridge methods}; the bridge
1578 * method and the method being overridden would have the same
1579 * signature but different return types.
1580 *
1581 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.4.
1582 *
1583 * @param name the name of the method
1584 * @param parameterTypes the list of parameters
1585 * @return the {@code Method} object that matches the specified
1586 * {@code name} and {@code parameterTypes}
1587 * @exception NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found
1588 * or if the name is "<init>"or "<clinit>".
1589 * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
1590 * @exception SecurityException
1591 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1592 * following conditions is met:
1593 *
1594 * <ul>
1595 *
1596 * <li> invocation of
1597 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1598 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1599 * access to the method
1600 *
1601 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1602 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1603 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1604 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1605 * of this class
1606 *
1607 * </ul>
1608 *
1609 * @since JDK1.1
1610 */
1611 public Method getMethod(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes)
1612 throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
1613 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1614 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1615 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1616 checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1617 Method method = getMethod0(name, parameterTypes);
1618 if (method == null) {
1619 throw new NoSuchMethodException(getName() + "." + name + argumentTypesToString(parameterTypes));
1620 }
1621 return method;
1622 }
1623
1624
1625 /**
1626 * Returns a {@code Constructor} object that reflects the specified
1627 * public constructor of the class represented by this {@code Class}
1628 * object. The {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of
1629 * {@code Class} objects that identify the constructor's formal
1630 * parameter types, in declared order.
1631 *
1632 * If this {@code Class} object represents an inner class
1633 * declared in a non-static context, the formal parameter types
1634 * include the explicit enclosing instance as the first parameter.
1635 *
1636 * <p> The constructor to reflect is the public constructor of the class
1637 * represented by this {@code Class} object whose formal parameter
1638 * types match those specified by {@code parameterTypes}.
1639 *
1640 * @param parameterTypes the parameter array
1641 * @return the {@code Constructor} object of the public constructor that
1642 * matches the specified {@code parameterTypes}
1643 * @exception NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found.
1644 * @exception SecurityException
1645 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1646 * following conditions is met:
1647 *
1648 * <ul>
1649 *
1650 * <li> invocation of
1651 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1652 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1653 * access to the constructor
1654 *
1655 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1656 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1657 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1658 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1659 * of this class
1660 *
1661 * </ul>
1662 *
1663 * @since JDK1.1
1664 */
1665 public Constructor<T> getConstructor(Class<?>... parameterTypes)
1666 throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
1667 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1668 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1669 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1670 checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1671 return getConstructor0(parameterTypes, Member.PUBLIC);
1672 }
1673
1674
1675 /**
1676 * Returns an array of {@code Class} objects reflecting all the
1677 * classes and interfaces declared as members of the class represented by
1678 * this {@code Class} object. This includes public, protected, default
1679 * (package) access, and private classes and interfaces declared by the
1680 * class, but excludes inherited classes and interfaces. This method
1681 * returns an array of length 0 if the class declares no classes or
1682 * interfaces as members, or if this {@code Class} object represents a
1683 * primitive type, an array class, or void.
1684 *
1685 * @return the array of {@code Class} objects representing all the
1686 * declared members of this class
1687 * @exception SecurityException
1688 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1689 * following conditions is met:
1690 *
1691 * <ul>
1692 *
1693 * <li> invocation of
1694 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1695 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1696 * access to the declared classes within this class
1697 *
1698 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1699 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1700 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1701 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1702 * of this class
1703 *
1704 * </ul>
1705 *
1706 * @since JDK1.1
1707 */
1708 public Class<?>[] getDeclaredClasses() throws SecurityException {
1709 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1710 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1711 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1712 checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1713 return getDeclaredClasses0();
1714 }
1715
1716
1717 /**
1718 * Returns an array of {@code Field} objects reflecting all the fields
1719 * declared by the class or interface represented by this
1720 * {@code Class} object. This includes public, protected, default
1721 * (package) access, and private fields, but excludes inherited fields.
1722 * The elements in the array returned are not sorted and are not in any
1723 * particular order. This method returns an array of length 0 if the class
1724 * or interface declares no fields, or if this {@code Class} object
1725 * represents a primitive type, an array class, or void.
1726 *
1727 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.3.
1728 *
1729 * @return the array of {@code Field} objects representing all the
1730 * declared fields of this class
1731 * @exception SecurityException
1732 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1733 * following conditions is met:
1734 *
1735 * <ul>
1736 *
1737 * <li> invocation of
1738 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1739 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1740 * access to the declared fields within this class
1741 *
1742 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1743 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1744 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1745 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1746 * of this class
1747 *
1748 * </ul>
1749 *
1750 * @since JDK1.1
1751 */
1752 public Field[] getDeclaredFields() throws SecurityException {
1753 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1754 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1755 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1756 checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1757 return copyFields(privateGetDeclaredFields(false));
1758 }
1759
1760
1761 /**
1762 * Returns an array of {@code Method} objects reflecting all the
1763 * methods declared by the class or interface represented by this
1764 * {@code Class} object. This includes public, protected, default
1765 * (package) access, and private methods, but excludes inherited methods.
1766 * The elements in the array returned are not sorted and are not in any
1767 * particular order. This method returns an array of length 0 if the class
1768 * or interface declares no methods, or if this {@code Class} object
1769 * represents a primitive type, an array class, or void. The class
1770 * initialization method {@code <clinit>} is not included in the
1771 * returned array. If the class declares multiple public member methods
1772 * with the same parameter types, they are all included in the returned
1773 * array.
1774 *
1775 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, section 8.2.
1776 *
1777 * @return the array of {@code Method} objects representing all the
1778 * declared methods of this class
1779 * @exception SecurityException
1780 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1781 * following conditions is met:
1782 *
1783 * <ul>
1784 *
1785 * <li> invocation of
1786 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1787 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1788 * access to the declared methods within this class
1789 *
1790 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1791 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1792 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1793 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1794 * of this class
1795 *
1796 * </ul>
1797 *
1798 * @since JDK1.1
1799 */
1800 public Method[] getDeclaredMethods() throws SecurityException {
1801 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1802 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1803 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1804 checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1805 return copyMethods(privateGetDeclaredMethods(false));
1806 }
1807
1808
1809 /**
1810 * Returns an array of {@code Constructor} objects reflecting all the
1811 * constructors declared by the class represented by this
1812 * {@code Class} object. These are public, protected, default
1813 * (package) access, and private constructors. The elements in the array
1814 * returned are not sorted and are not in any particular order. If the
1815 * class has a default constructor, it is included in the returned array.
1816 * This method returns an array of length 0 if this {@code Class}
1817 * object represents an interface, a primitive type, an array class, or
1818 * void.
1819 *
1820 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, section 8.2.
1821 *
1822 * @return the array of {@code Constructor} objects representing all the
1823 * declared constructors of this class
1824 * @exception SecurityException
1825 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1826 * following conditions is met:
1827 *
1828 * <ul>
1829 *
1830 * <li> invocation of
1831 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1832 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1833 * access to the declared constructors within this class
1834 *
1835 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1836 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1837 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1838 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1839 * of this class
1840 *
1841 * </ul>
1842 *
1843 * @since JDK1.1
1844 */
1845 public Constructor<?>[] getDeclaredConstructors() throws SecurityException {
1846 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1847 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1848 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1849 checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1850 return copyConstructors(privateGetDeclaredConstructors(false));
1851 }
1852
1853
1854 /**
1855 * Returns a {@code Field} object that reflects the specified declared
1856 * field of the class or interface represented by this {@code Class}
1857 * object. The {@code name} parameter is a {@code String} that
1858 * specifies the simple name of the desired field. Note that this method
1859 * will not reflect the {@code length} field of an array class.
1860 *
1861 * @param name the name of the field
1862 * @return the {@code Field} object for the specified field in this
1863 * class
1864 * @exception NoSuchFieldException if a field with the specified name is
1865 * not found.
1866 * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
1867 * @exception SecurityException
1868 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1869 * following conditions is met:
1870 *
1871 * <ul>
1872 *
1873 * <li> invocation of
1874 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1875 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1876 * access to the declared field
1877 *
1878 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1879 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1880 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1881 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1882 * of this class
1883 *
1884 * </ul>
1885 *
1886 * @since JDK1.1
1887 */
1888 public Field getDeclaredField(String name)
1889 throws NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException {
1890 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1891 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1892 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1893 checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1894 Field field = searchFields(privateGetDeclaredFields(false), name);
1895 if (field == null) {
1896 throw new NoSuchFieldException(name);
1897 }
1898 return field;
1899 }
1900
1901
1902 /**
1903 * Returns a {@code Method} object that reflects the specified
1904 * declared method of the class or interface represented by this
1905 * {@code Class} object. The {@code name} parameter is a
1906 * {@code String} that specifies the simple name of the desired
1907 * method, and the {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of
1908 * {@code Class} objects that identify the method's formal parameter
1909 * types, in declared order. If more than one method with the same
1910 * parameter types is declared in a class, and one of these methods has a
1911 * return type that is more specific than any of the others, that method is
1912 * returned; otherwise one of the methods is chosen arbitrarily. If the
1913 * name is "<init>"or "<clinit>" a {@code NoSuchMethodException}
1914 * is raised.
1915 *
1916 * @param name the name of the method
1917 * @param parameterTypes the parameter array
1918 * @return the {@code Method} object for the method of this class
1919 * matching the specified name and parameters
1920 * @exception NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found.
1921 * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
1922 * @exception SecurityException
1923 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1924 * following conditions is met:
1925 *
1926 * <ul>
1927 *
1928 * <li> invocation of
1929 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1930 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1931 * access to the declared method
1932 *
1933 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1934 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1935 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1936 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1937 * of this class
1938 *
1939 * </ul>
1940 *
1941 * @since JDK1.1
1942 */
1943 public Method getDeclaredMethod(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes)
1944 throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
1945 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1946 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1947 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1948 checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1949 Method method = searchMethods(privateGetDeclaredMethods(false), name, parameterTypes);
1950 if (method == null) {
1951 throw new NoSuchMethodException(getName() + "." + name + argumentTypesToString(parameterTypes));
1952 }
1953 return method;
1954 }
1955
1956
1957 /**
1958 * Returns a {@code Constructor} object that reflects the specified
1959 * constructor of the class or interface represented by this
1960 * {@code Class} object. The {@code parameterTypes} parameter is
1961 * an array of {@code Class} objects that identify the constructor's
1962 * formal parameter types, in declared order.
1963 *
1964 * If this {@code Class} object represents an inner class
1965 * declared in a non-static context, the formal parameter types
1966 * include the explicit enclosing instance as the first parameter.
1967 *
1968 * @param parameterTypes the parameter array
1969 * @return The {@code Constructor} object for the constructor with the
1970 * specified parameter list
1971 * @exception NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found.
1972 * @exception SecurityException
1973 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1974 * following conditions is met:
1975 *
1976 * <ul>
1977 *
1978 * <li> invocation of
1979 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1980 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1981 * access to the declared constructor
1982 *
1983 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1984 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1985 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1986 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1987 * of this class
1988 *
1989 * </ul>
1990 *
1991 * @since JDK1.1
1992 */
1993 public Constructor<T> getDeclaredConstructor(Class<?>... parameterTypes)
1994 throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
1995 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1996 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1997 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1998 checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1999 return getConstructor0(parameterTypes, Member.DECLARED);
2000 }
2001
2002 /**
2003 * Finds a resource with a given name. The rules for searching resources
2004 * associated with a given class are implemented by the defining
2005 * {@linkplain ClassLoader class loader} of the class. This method
2006 * delegates to this object's class loader. If this object was loaded by
2007 * the bootstrap class loader, the method delegates to {@link
2008 * ClassLoader#getSystemResourceAsStream}.
2009 *
2010 * <p> Before delegation, an absolute resource name is constructed from the
2011 * given resource name using this algorithm:
2012 *
2013 * <ul>
2014 *
2015 * <li> If the {@code name} begins with a {@code '/'}
2016 * (<tt>'\u002f'</tt>), then the absolute name of the resource is the
2017 * portion of the {@code name} following the {@code '/'}.
2018 *
2019 * <li> Otherwise, the absolute name is of the following form:
2020 *
2021 * <blockquote>
2022 * {@code modified_package_name/name}
2023 * </blockquote>
2024 *
2025 * <p> Where the {@code modified_package_name} is the package name of this
2026 * object with {@code '/'} substituted for {@code '.'}
2027 * (<tt>'\u002e'</tt>).
2028 *
2029 * </ul>
2030 *
2031 * @param name name of the desired resource
2032 * @return A {@link java.io.InputStream} object or {@code null} if
2033 * no resource with this name is found
2034 * @throws NullPointerException If {@code name} is {@code null}
2035 * @since JDK1.1
2036 */
2037 public InputStream getResourceAsStream(String name) {
2038 name = resolveName(name);
2039 ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
2040 if (cl==null) {
2041 // A system class.
2042 return ClassLoader.getSystemResourceAsStream(name);
2043 }
2044 return cl.getResourceAsStream(name);
2045 }
2046
2047 /**
2048 * Finds a resource with a given name. The rules for searching resources
2049 * associated with a given class are implemented by the defining
2050 * {@linkplain ClassLoader class loader} of the class. This method
2051 * delegates to this object's class loader. If this object was loaded by
2052 * the bootstrap class loader, the method delegates to {@link
2053 * ClassLoader#getSystemResource}.
2054 *
2055 * <p> Before delegation, an absolute resource name is constructed from the
2056 * given resource name using this algorithm:
2057 *
2058 * <ul>
2059 *
2060 * <li> If the {@code name} begins with a {@code '/'}
2061 * (<tt>'\u002f'</tt>), then the absolute name of the resource is the
2062 * portion of the {@code name} following the {@code '/'}.
2063 *
2064 * <li> Otherwise, the absolute name is of the following form:
2065 *
2066 * <blockquote>
2067 * {@code modified_package_name/name}
2068 * </blockquote>
2069 *
2070 * <p> Where the {@code modified_package_name} is the package name of this
2071 * object with {@code '/'} substituted for {@code '.'}
2072 * (<tt>'\u002e'</tt>).
2073 *
2074 * </ul>
2075 *
2076 * @param name name of the desired resource
2077 * @return A {@link java.net.URL} object or {@code null} if no
2078 * resource with this name is found
2079 * @since JDK1.1
2080 */
2081 public java.net.URL getResource(String name) {
2082 name = resolveName(name);
2083 ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
2084 if (cl==null) {
2085 // A system class.
2086 return ClassLoader.getSystemResource(name);
2087 }
2088 return cl.getResource(name);
2089 }
2090
2091
2092
2093 /** protection domain returned when the internal domain is null */
2094 private static java.security.ProtectionDomain allPermDomain;
2095
2096
2097 /**
2098 * Returns the {@code ProtectionDomain} of this class. If there is a
2099 * security manager installed, this method first calls the security
2100 * manager's {@code checkPermission} method with a
2101 * {@code RuntimePermission("getProtectionDomain")} permission to
2102 * ensure it's ok to get the
2103 * {@code ProtectionDomain}.
2104 *
2105 * @return the ProtectionDomain of this class
2106 *
2107 * @throws SecurityException
2108 * if a security manager exists and its
2109 * {@code checkPermission} method doesn't allow
2110 * getting the ProtectionDomain.
2111 *
2112 * @see java.security.ProtectionDomain
2113 * @see SecurityManager#checkPermission
2114 * @see java.lang.RuntimePermission
2115 * @since 1.2
2116 */
2117 public java.security.ProtectionDomain getProtectionDomain() {
2118 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
2119 if (sm != null) {
2120 sm.checkPermission(SecurityConstants.GET_PD_PERMISSION);
2121 }
2122 java.security.ProtectionDomain pd = getProtectionDomain0();
2123 if (pd == null) {
2124 if (allPermDomain == null) {
2125 java.security.Permissions perms =
2126 new java.security.Permissions();
2127 perms.add(SecurityConstants.ALL_PERMISSION);
2128 allPermDomain =
2129 new java.security.ProtectionDomain(null, perms);
2130 }
2131 pd = allPermDomain;
2132 }
2133 return pd;
2134 }
2135
2136
2137 /**
2138 * Returns the ProtectionDomain of this class.
2139 */
2140 private native java.security.ProtectionDomain getProtectionDomain0();
2141
2142
2143 /**
2144 * Set the ProtectionDomain for this class. Called by
2145 * ClassLoader.defineClass.
2146 */
2147 native void setProtectionDomain0(java.security.ProtectionDomain pd);
2148
2149
2150 /*
2151 * Return the Virtual Machine's Class object for the named
2152 * primitive type.
2153 */
2154 static native Class getPrimitiveClass(String name);
2155
2156
2157 /*
2158 * Check if client is allowed to access members. If access is denied,
2159 * throw a SecurityException.
2160 *
2161 * Be very careful not to change the stack depth of this checkMemberAccess
2162 * call for security reasons.
2163 * See java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess.
2164 *
2165 * <p> Default policy: allow all clients access with normal Java access
2166 * control.
2167 */
2168 private void checkMemberAccess(int which, ClassLoader ccl) {
2169 SecurityManager s = System.getSecurityManager();
2170 if (s != null) {
2171 s.checkMemberAccess(this, which);
2172 ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
2173 if ((ccl != null) && (ccl != cl) &&
2174 ((cl == null) || !cl.isAncestor(ccl))) {
2175 String name = this.getName();
2176 int i = name.lastIndexOf('.');
2177 if (i != -1) {
2178 s.checkPackageAccess(name.substring(0, i));
2179 }
2180 }
2181 }
2182 }
2183
2184 /**
2185 * Add a package name prefix if the name is not absolute Remove leading "/"
2186 * if name is absolute
2187 */
2188 private String resolveName(String name) {
2189 if (name == null) {
2190 return name;
2191 }
2192 if (!name.startsWith("/")) {
2193 Class c = this;
2194 while (c.isArray()) {
2195 c = c.getComponentType();
2196 }
2197 String baseName = c.getName();
2198 int index = baseName.lastIndexOf('.');
2199 if (index != -1) {
2200 name = baseName.substring(0, index).replace('.', '/')
2201 +"/"+name;
2202 }
2203 } else {
2204 name = name.substring(1);
2205 }
2206 return name;
2207 }
2208
2209 /**
2210 * Reflection support.
2211 */
2212
2213 // Caches for certain reflective results
2214 private static boolean useCaches = true;
2215 private volatile transient SoftReference<Field[]> declaredFields;
2216 private volatile transient SoftReference<Field[]> publicFields;
2217 private volatile transient SoftReference<Method[]> declaredMethods;
2218 private volatile transient SoftReference<Method[]> publicMethods;
2219 private volatile transient SoftReference<Constructor<T>[]> declaredConstructors;
2220 private volatile transient SoftReference<Constructor<T>[]> publicConstructors;
2221 // Intermediate results for getFields and getMethods
2222 private volatile transient SoftReference<Field[]> declaredPublicFields;
2223 private volatile transient SoftReference<Method[]> declaredPublicMethods;
2224
2225 // Incremented by the VM on each call to JVM TI RedefineClasses()
2226 // that redefines this class or a superclass.
2227 private volatile transient int classRedefinedCount = 0;
2228
2229 // Value of classRedefinedCount when we last cleared the cached values
2230 // that are sensitive to class redefinition.
2231 private volatile transient int lastRedefinedCount = 0;
2232
2233 // Clears cached values that might possibly have been obsoleted by
2234 // a class redefinition.
2235 private void clearCachesOnClassRedefinition() {
2236 if (lastRedefinedCount != classRedefinedCount) {
2237 declaredFields = publicFields = declaredPublicFields = null;
2238 declaredMethods = publicMethods = declaredPublicMethods = null;
2239 declaredConstructors = publicConstructors = null;
2240 annotations = declaredAnnotations = null;
2241
2242 // Use of "volatile" (and synchronization by caller in the case
2243 // of annotations) ensures that no thread sees the update to
2244 // lastRedefinedCount before seeing the caches cleared.
2245 // We do not guard against brief windows during which multiple
2246 // threads might redundantly work to fill an empty cache.
2247 lastRedefinedCount = classRedefinedCount;
2248 }
2249 }
2250
2251 // Generic signature handling
2252 private native String getGenericSignature();
2253
2254 // Generic info repository; lazily initialized
2255 private transient ClassRepository genericInfo;
2256
2257 // accessor for factory
2258 private GenericsFactory getFactory() {
2259 // create scope and factory
2260 return CoreReflectionFactory.make(this, ClassScope.make(this));
2261 }
2262
2263 // accessor for generic info repository
2264 private ClassRepository getGenericInfo() {
2265 // lazily initialize repository if necessary
2266 if (genericInfo == null) {
2267 // create and cache generic info repository
2268 genericInfo = ClassRepository.make(getGenericSignature(),
2269 getFactory());
2270 }
2271 return genericInfo; //return cached repository
2272 }
2273
2274 // Annotations handling
2275 private native byte[] getRawAnnotations();
2276
2277 native ConstantPool getConstantPool();
2278
2279 //
2280 //
2281 // java.lang.reflect.Field handling
2282 //
2283 //
2284
2285 // Returns an array of "root" fields. These Field objects must NOT
2286 // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
2287 // via ReflectionFactory.copyField.
2288 private Field[] privateGetDeclaredFields(boolean publicOnly) {
2289 checkInitted();
2290 Field[] res = null;
2291 if (useCaches) {
2292 clearCachesOnClassRedefinition();
2293 if (publicOnly) {
2294 if (declaredPublicFields != null) {
2295 res = declaredPublicFields.get();
2296 }
2297 } else {
2298 if (declaredFields != null) {
2299 res = declaredFields.get();
2300 }
2301 }
2302 if (res != null) return res;
2303 }
2304 // No cached value available; request value from VM
2305 res = Reflection.filterFields(this, getDeclaredFields0(publicOnly));
2306 if (useCaches) {
2307 if (publicOnly) {
2308 declaredPublicFields = new SoftReference<Field[]>(res);
2309 } else {
2310 declaredFields = new SoftReference<Field[]>(res);
2311 }
2312 }
2313 return res;
2314 }
2315
2316 // Returns an array of "root" fields. These Field objects must NOT
2317 // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
2318 // via ReflectionFactory.copyField.
2319 private Field[] privateGetPublicFields(Set<Class<?>> traversedInterfaces) {
2320 checkInitted();
2321 Field[] res = null;
2322 if (useCaches) {
2323 clearCachesOnClassRedefinition();
2324 if (publicFields != null) {
2325 res = publicFields.get();
2326 }
2327 if (res != null) return res;
2328 }
2329
2330 // No cached value available; compute value recursively.
2331 // Traverse in correct order for getField().
2332 List<Field> fields = new ArrayList<Field>();
2333 if (traversedInterfaces == null) {
2334 traversedInterfaces = new HashSet<Class<?>>();
2335 }
2336
2337 // Local fields
2338 Field[] tmp = privateGetDeclaredFields(true);
2339 addAll(fields, tmp);
2340
2341 // Direct superinterfaces, recursively
2342 for (Class<?> c : getInterfaces()) {
2343 if (!traversedInterfaces.contains(c)) {
2344 traversedInterfaces.add(c);
2345 addAll(fields, c.privateGetPublicFields(traversedInterfaces));
2346 }
2347 }
2348
2349 // Direct superclass, recursively
2350 if (!isInterface()) {
2351 Class<?> c = getSuperclass();
2352 if (c != null) {
2353 addAll(fields, c.privateGetPublicFields(traversedInterfaces));
2354 }
2355 }
2356
2357 res = new Field[fields.size()];
2358 fields.toArray(res);
2359 if (useCaches) {
2360 publicFields = new SoftReference<Field[]>(res);
2361 }
2362 return res;
2363 }
2364
2365 private static void addAll(Collection<Field> c, Field[] o) {
2366 for (int i = 0; i < o.length; i++) {
2367 c.add(o[i]);
2368 }
2369 }
2370
2371
2372 //
2373 //
2374 // java.lang.reflect.Constructor handling
2375 //
2376 //
2377
2378 // Returns an array of "root" constructors. These Constructor
2379 // objects must NOT be propagated to the outside world, but must
2380 // instead be copied via ReflectionFactory.copyConstructor.
2381 private Constructor<T>[] privateGetDeclaredConstructors(boolean publicOnly) {
2382 checkInitted();
2383 Constructor<T>[] res = null;
2384 if (useCaches) {
2385 clearCachesOnClassRedefinition();
2386 if (publicOnly) {
2387 if (publicConstructors != null) {
2388 res = publicConstructors.get();
2389 }
2390 } else {
2391 if (declaredConstructors != null) {
2392 res = declaredConstructors.get();
2393 }
2394 }
2395 if (res != null) return res;
2396 }
2397 // No cached value available; request value from VM
2398 if (isInterface()) {
2399 res = new Constructor[0];
2400 } else {
2401 res = getDeclaredConstructors0(publicOnly);
2402 }
2403 if (useCaches) {
2404 if (publicOnly) {
2405 publicConstructors = new SoftReference<Constructor<T>[]>(res);
2406 } else {
2407 declaredConstructors = new SoftReference<Constructor<T>[]>(res);
2408 }
2409 }
2410 return res;
2411 }
2412
2413 //
2414 //
2415 // java.lang.reflect.Method handling
2416 //
2417 //
2418
2419 // Returns an array of "root" methods. These Method objects must NOT
2420 // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
2421 // via ReflectionFactory.copyMethod.
2422 private Method[] privateGetDeclaredMethods(boolean publicOnly) {
2423 checkInitted();
2424 Method[] res = null;
2425 if (useCaches) {
2426 clearCachesOnClassRedefinition();
2427 if (publicOnly) {
2428 if (declaredPublicMethods != null) {
2429 res = declaredPublicMethods.get();
2430 }
2431 } else {
2432 if (declaredMethods != null) {
2433 res = declaredMethods.get();
2434 }
2435 }
2436 if (res != null) return res;
2437 }
2438 // No cached value available; request value from VM
2439 res = Reflection.filterMethods(this, getDeclaredMethods0(publicOnly));
2440 if (useCaches) {
2441 if (publicOnly) {
2442 declaredPublicMethods = new SoftReference<Method[]>(res);
2443 } else {
2444 declaredMethods = new SoftReference<Method[]>(res);
2445 }
2446 }
2447 return res;
2448 }
2449
2450 static class MethodArray {
2451 private Method[] methods;
2452 private int length;
2453
2454 MethodArray() {
2455 methods = new Method[20];
2456 length = 0;
2457 }
2458
2459 void add(Method m) {
2460 if (length == methods.length) {
2461 methods = Arrays.copyOf(methods, 2 * methods.length);
2462 }
2463 methods[length++] = m;
2464 }
2465
2466 void addAll(Method[] ma) {
2467 for (int i = 0; i < ma.length; i++) {
2468 add(ma[i]);
2469 }
2470 }
2471
2472 void addAll(MethodArray ma) {
2473 for (int i = 0; i < ma.length(); i++) {
2474 add(ma.get(i));
2475 }
2476 }
2477
2478 void addIfNotPresent(Method newMethod) {
2479 for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
2480 Method m = methods[i];
2481 if (m == newMethod || (m != null && m.equals(newMethod))) {
2482 return;
2483 }
2484 }
2485 add(newMethod);
2486 }
2487
2488 void addAllIfNotPresent(MethodArray newMethods) {
2489 for (int i = 0; i < newMethods.length(); i++) {
2490 Method m = newMethods.get(i);
2491 if (m != null) {
2492 addIfNotPresent(m);
2493 }
2494 }
2495 }
2496
2497 int length() {
2498 return length;
2499 }
2500
2501 Method get(int i) {
2502 return methods[i];
2503 }
2504
2505 void removeByNameAndSignature(Method toRemove) {
2506 for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
2507 Method m = methods[i];
2508 if (m != null &&
2509 m.getReturnType() == toRemove.getReturnType() &&
2510 m.getName() == toRemove.getName() &&
2511 arrayContentsEq(m.getParameterTypes(),
2512 toRemove.getParameterTypes())) {
2513 methods[i] = null;
2514 }
2515 }
2516 }
2517
2518 void compactAndTrim() {
2519 int newPos = 0;
2520 // Get rid of null slots
2521 for (int pos = 0; pos < length; pos++) {
2522 Method m = methods[pos];
2523 if (m != null) {
2524 if (pos != newPos) {
2525 methods[newPos] = m;
2526 }
2527 newPos++;
2528 }
2529 }
2530 if (newPos != methods.length) {
2531 methods = Arrays.copyOf(methods, newPos);
2532 }
2533 }
2534
2535 Method[] getArray() {
2536 return methods;
2537 }
2538 }
2539
2540
2541 // Returns an array of "root" methods. These Method objects must NOT
2542 // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
2543 // via ReflectionFactory.copyMethod.
2544 private Method[] privateGetPublicMethods() {
2545 checkInitted();
2546 Method[] res = null;
2547 if (useCaches) {
2548 clearCachesOnClassRedefinition();
2549 if (publicMethods != null) {
2550 res = publicMethods.get();
2551 }
2552 if (res != null) return res;
2553 }
2554
2555 // No cached value available; compute value recursively.
2556 // Start by fetching public declared methods
2557 MethodArray methods = new MethodArray();
2558 {
2559 Method[] tmp = privateGetDeclaredMethods(true);
2560 methods.addAll(tmp);
2561 }
2562 // Now recur over superclass and direct superinterfaces.
2563 // Go over superinterfaces first so we can more easily filter
2564 // out concrete implementations inherited from superclasses at
2565 // the end.
2566 MethodArray inheritedMethods = new MethodArray();
2567 Class[] interfaces = getInterfaces();
2568 for (int i = 0; i < interfaces.length; i++) {
2569 inheritedMethods.addAll(interfaces[i].privateGetPublicMethods());
2570 }
2571 if (!isInterface()) {
2572 Class c = getSuperclass();
2573 if (c != null) {
2574 MethodArray supers = new MethodArray();
2575 supers.addAll(c.privateGetPublicMethods());
2576 // Filter out concrete implementations of any
2577 // interface methods
2578 for (int i = 0; i < supers.length(); i++) {
2579 Method m = supers.get(i);
2580 if (m != null && !Modifier.isAbstract(m.getModifiers())) {
2581 inheritedMethods.removeByNameAndSignature(m);
2582 }
2583 }
2584 // Insert superclass's inherited methods before
2585 // superinterfaces' to satisfy getMethod's search
2586 // order
2587 supers.addAll(inheritedMethods);
2588 inheritedMethods = supers;
2589 }
2590 }
2591 // Filter out all local methods from inherited ones
2592 for (int i = 0; i < methods.length(); i++) {
2593 Method m = methods.get(i);
2594 inheritedMethods.removeByNameAndSignature(m);
2595 }
2596 methods.addAllIfNotPresent(inheritedMethods);
2597 methods.compactAndTrim();
2598 res = methods.getArray();
2599 if (useCaches) {
2600 publicMethods = new SoftReference<Method[]>(res);
2601 }
2602 return res;
2603 }
2604
2605
2606 //
2607 // Helpers for fetchers of one field, method, or constructor
2608 //
2609
2610 private Field searchFields(Field[] fields, String name) {
2611 String internedName = name.intern();
2612 for (int i = 0; i < fields.length; i++) {
2613 if (fields[i].getName() == internedName) {
2614 return getReflectionFactory().copyField(fields[i]);
2615 }
2616 }
2617 return null;
2618 }
2619
2620 private Field getField0(String name) throws NoSuchFieldException {
2621 // Note: the intent is that the search algorithm this routine
2622 // uses be equivalent to the ordering imposed by
2623 // privateGetPublicFields(). It fetches only the declared
2624 // public fields for each class, however, to reduce the number
2625 // of Field objects which have to be created for the common
2626 // case where the field being requested is declared in the
2627 // class which is being queried.
2628 Field res = null;
2629 // Search declared public fields
2630 if ((res = searchFields(privateGetDeclaredFields(true), name)) != null) {
2631 return res;
2632 }
2633 // Direct superinterfaces, recursively
2634 Class[] interfaces = getInterfaces();
2635 for (int i = 0; i < interfaces.length; i++) {
2636 Class c = interfaces[i];
2637 if ((res = c.getField0(name)) != null) {
2638 return res;
2639 }
2640 }
2641 // Direct superclass, recursively
2642 if (!isInterface()) {
2643 Class c = getSuperclass();
2644 if (c != null) {
2645 if ((res = c.getField0(name)) != null) {
2646 return res;
2647 }
2648 }
2649 }
2650 return null;
2651 }
2652
2653 private static Method searchMethods(Method[] methods,
2654 String name,
2655 Class[] parameterTypes)
2656 {
2657 Method res = null;
2658 String internedName = name.intern();
2659 for (int i = 0; i < methods.length; i++) {
2660 Method m = methods[i];
2661 if (m.getName() == internedName
2662 && arrayContentsEq(parameterTypes, m.getParameterTypes())
2663 && (res == null
2664 || res.getReturnType().isAssignableFrom(m.getReturnType())))
2665 res = m;
2666 }
2667
2668 return (res == null ? res : getReflectionFactory().copyMethod(res));
2669 }
2670
2671
2672 private Method getMethod0(String name, Class[] parameterTypes) {
2673 // Note: the intent is that the search algorithm this routine
2674 // uses be equivalent to the ordering imposed by
2675 // privateGetPublicMethods(). It fetches only the declared
2676 // public methods for each class, however, to reduce the
2677 // number of Method objects which have to be created for the
2678 // common case where the method being requested is declared in
2679 // the class which is being queried.
2680 Method res = null;
2681 // Search declared public methods
2682 if ((res = searchMethods(privateGetDeclaredMethods(true),
2683 name,
2684 parameterTypes)) != null) {
2685 return res;
2686 }
2687 // Search superclass's methods
2688 if (!isInterface()) {
2689 Class c = getSuperclass();
2690 if (c != null) {
2691 if ((res = c.getMethod0(name, parameterTypes)) != null) {
2692 return res;
2693 }
2694 }
2695 }
2696 // Search superinterfaces' methods
2697 Class[] interfaces = getInterfaces();
2698 for (int i = 0; i < interfaces.length; i++) {
2699 Class c = interfaces[i];
2700 if ((res = c.getMethod0(name, parameterTypes)) != null) {
2701 return res;
2702 }
2703 }
2704 // Not found
2705 return null;
2706 }
2707
2708 private Constructor<T> getConstructor0(Class[] parameterTypes,
2709 int which) throws NoSuchMethodException
2710 {
2711 Constructor<T>[] constructors = privateGetDeclaredConstructors((which == Member.PUBLIC));
2712 for (Constructor<T> constructor : constructors) {
2713 if (arrayContentsEq(parameterTypes,
2714 constructor.getParameterTypes())) {
2715 return getReflectionFactory().copyConstructor(constructor);
2716 }
2717 }
2718 throw new NoSuchMethodException(getName() + ".<init>" + argumentTypesToString(parameterTypes));
2719 }
2720
2721 //
2722 // Other helpers and base implementation
2723 //
2724
2725 private static boolean arrayContentsEq(Object[] a1, Object[] a2) {
2726 if (a1 == null) {
2727 return a2 == null || a2.length == 0;
2728 }
2729
2730 if (a2 == null) {
2731 return a1.length == 0;
2732 }
2733
2734 if (a1.length != a2.length) {
2735 return false;
2736 }
2737
2738 for (int i = 0; i < a1.length; i++) {
2739 if (a1[i] != a2[i]) {
2740 return false;
2741 }
2742 }
2743
2744 return true;
2745 }
2746
2747 private static Field[] copyFields(Field[] arg) {
2748 Field[] out = new Field[arg.length];
2749 ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
2750 for (int i = 0; i < arg.length; i++) {
2751 out[i] = fact.copyField(arg[i]);
2752 }
2753 return out;
2754 }
2755
2756 private static Method[] copyMethods(Method[] arg) {
2757 Method[] out = new Method[arg.length];
2758 ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
2759 for (int i = 0; i < arg.length; i++) {
2760 out[i] = fact.copyMethod(arg[i]);
2761 }
2762 return out;
2763 }
2764
2765 private static <U> Constructor<U>[] copyConstructors(Constructor<U>[] arg) {
2766 Constructor<U>[] out = arg.clone();
2767 ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
2768 for (int i = 0; i < out.length; i++) {
2769 out[i] = fact.copyConstructor(out[i]);
2770 }
2771 return out;
2772 }
2773
2774 private native Field[] getDeclaredFields0(boolean publicOnly);
2775 private native Method[] getDeclaredMethods0(boolean publicOnly);
2776 private native Constructor<T>[] getDeclaredConstructors0(boolean publicOnly);
2777 private native Class[] getDeclaredClasses0();
2778
2779 private static String argumentTypesToString(Class[] argTypes) {
2780 StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
2781 buf.append("(");
2782 if (argTypes != null) {
2783 for (int i = 0; i < argTypes.length; i++) {
2784 if (i > 0) {
2785 buf.append(", ");
2786 }
2787 Class c = argTypes[i];
2788 buf.append((c == null) ? "null" : c.getName());
2789 }
2790 }
2791 buf.append(")");
2792 return buf.toString();
2793 }
2794
2795 /** use serialVersionUID from JDK 1.1 for interoperability */
2796 private static final long serialVersionUID = 3206093459760846163L;
2797
2798
2799 /**
2800 * Class Class is special cased within the Serialization Stream Protocol.
2801 *
2802 * A Class instance is written initially into an ObjectOutputStream in the
2803 * following format:
2804 * <pre>
2805 * {@code TC_CLASS} ClassDescriptor
2806 * A ClassDescriptor is a special cased serialization of
2807 * a {@code java.io.ObjectStreamClass} instance.
2808 * </pre>
2809 * A new handle is generated for the initial time the class descriptor
2810 * is written into the stream. Future references to the class descriptor
2811 * are written as references to the initial class descriptor instance.
2812 *
2813 * @see java.io.ObjectStreamClass
2814 */
2815 private static final ObjectStreamField[] serialPersistentFields =
2816 new ObjectStreamField[0];
2817
2818
2819 /**
2820 * Returns the assertion status that would be assigned to this
2821 * class if it were to be initialized at the time this method is invoked.
2822 * If this class has had its assertion status set, the most recent
2823 * setting will be returned; otherwise, if any package default assertion
2824 * status pertains to this class, the most recent setting for the most
2825 * specific pertinent package default assertion status is returned;
2826 * otherwise, if this class is not a system class (i.e., it has a
2827 * class loader) its class loader's default assertion status is returned;
2828 * otherwise, the system class default assertion status is returned.
2829 * <p>
2830 * Few programmers will have any need for this method; it is provided
2831 * for the benefit of the JRE itself. (It allows a class to determine at
2832 * the time that it is initialized whether assertions should be enabled.)
2833 * Note that this method is not guaranteed to return the actual
2834 * assertion status that was (or will be) associated with the specified
2835 * class when it was (or will be) initialized.
2836 *
2837 * @return the desired assertion status of the specified class.
2838 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader#setClassAssertionStatus
2839 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader#setPackageAssertionStatus
2840 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader#setDefaultAssertionStatus
2841 * @since 1.4
2842 */
2843 public boolean desiredAssertionStatus() {
2844 ClassLoader loader = getClassLoader();
2845 // If the loader is null this is a system class, so ask the VM
2846 if (loader == null)
2847 return desiredAssertionStatus0(this);
2848
2849 synchronized(loader) {
2850 // If the classloader has been initialized with
2851 // the assertion directives, ask it. Otherwise,
2852 // ask the VM.
2853 return (loader.classAssertionStatus == null ?
2854 desiredAssertionStatus0(this) :
2855 loader.desiredAssertionStatus(getName()));
2856 }
2857 }
2858
2859 // Retrieves the desired assertion status of this class from the VM
2860 private static native boolean desiredAssertionStatus0(Class clazz);
2861
2862 /**
2863 * Returns true if and only if this class was declared as an enum in the
2864 * source code.
2865 *
2866 * @return true if and only if this class was declared as an enum in the
2867 * source code
2868 * @since 1.5
2869 */
2870 public boolean isEnum() {
2871 // An enum must both directly extend java.lang.Enum and have
2872 // the ENUM bit set; classes for specialized enum constants
2873 // don't do the former.
2874 return (this.getModifiers() & ENUM) != 0 &&
2875 this.getSuperclass() == java.lang.Enum.class;
2876 }
2877
2878 // Fetches the factory for reflective objects
2879 private static ReflectionFactory getReflectionFactory() {
2880 if (reflectionFactory == null) {
2881 reflectionFactory =
2882 java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged
2883 (new sun.reflect.ReflectionFactory.GetReflectionFactoryAction());
2884 }
2885 return reflectionFactory;
2886 }
2887 private static ReflectionFactory reflectionFactory;
2888
2889 // To be able to query system properties as soon as they're available
2890 private static boolean initted = false;
2891 private static void checkInitted() {
2892 if (initted) return;
2893 AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
2894 public Void run() {
2895 // Tests to ensure the system properties table is fully
2896 // initialized. This is needed because reflection code is
2897 // called very early in the initialization process (before
2898 // command-line arguments have been parsed and therefore
2899 // these user-settable properties installed.) We assume that
2900 // if System.out is non-null then the System class has been
2901 // fully initialized and that the bulk of the startup code
2902 // has been run.
2903
2904 if (System.out == null) {
2905 // java.lang.System not yet fully initialized
2906 return null;
2907 }
2908
2909 String val =
2910 System.getProperty("sun.reflect.noCaches");
2911 if (val != null && val.equals("true")) {
2912 useCaches = false;
2913 }
2914
2915 initted = true;
2916 return null;
2917 }
2918 });
2919 }
2920
2921 /**
2922 * Returns the elements of this enum class or null if this
2923 * Class object does not represent an enum type.
2924 *
2925 * @return an array containing the values comprising the enum class
2926 * represented by this Class object in the order they're
2927 * declared, or null if this Class object does not
2928 * represent an enum type
2929 * @since 1.5
2930 */
2931 public T[] getEnumConstants() {
2932 T[] values = getEnumConstantsShared();
2933 return (values != null) ? values.clone() : null;
2934 }
2935
2936 /**
2937 * Returns the elements of this enum class or null if this
2938 * Class object does not represent an enum type;
2939 * identical to getEnumConstants except that the result is
2940 * uncloned, cached, and shared by all callers.
2941 */
2942 T[] getEnumConstantsShared() {
2943 if (enumConstants == null) {
2944 if (!isEnum()) return null;
2945 try {
2946 final Method values = getMethod("values");
2947 java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
2948 new java.security.PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
2949 public Void run() {
2950 values.setAccessible(true);
2951 return null;
2952 }
2953 });
2954 enumConstants = (T[])values.invoke(null);
2955 }
2956 // These can happen when users concoct enum-like classes
2957 // that don't comply with the enum spec.
2958 catch (InvocationTargetException ex) { return null; }
2959 catch (NoSuchMethodException ex) { return null; }
2960 catch (IllegalAccessException ex) { return null; }
2961 }
2962 return enumConstants;
2963 }
2964 private volatile transient T[] enumConstants = null;
2965
2966 /**
2967 * Returns a map from simple name to enum constant. This package-private
2968 * method is used internally by Enum to implement
2969 * public static <T extends Enum<T>> T valueOf(Class<T>, String)
2970 * efficiently. Note that the map is returned by this method is
2971 * created lazily on first use. Typically it won't ever get created.
2972 */
2973 Map<String, T> enumConstantDirectory() {
2974 if (enumConstantDirectory == null) {
2975 T[] universe = getEnumConstantsShared();
2976 if (universe == null)
2977 throw new IllegalArgumentException(
2978 getName() + " is not an enum type");
2979 Map<String, T> m = new HashMap<String, T>(2 * universe.length);
2980 for (T constant : universe)
2981 m.put(((Enum)constant).name(), constant);
2982 enumConstantDirectory = m;
2983 }
2984 return enumConstantDirectory;
2985 }
2986 private volatile transient Map<String, T> enumConstantDirectory = null;
2987
2988 /**
2989 * Casts an object to the class or interface represented
2990 * by this {@code Class} object.
2991 *
2992 * @param obj the object to be cast
2993 * @return the object after casting, or null if obj is null
2994 *
2995 * @throws ClassCastException if the object is not
2996 * null and is not assignable to the type T.
2997 *
2998 * @since 1.5
2999 */
3000 public T cast(Object obj) {
3001 if (obj != null && !isInstance(obj))
3002 throw new ClassCastException(cannotCastMsg(obj));
3003 return (T) obj;
3004 }
3005
3006 private String cannotCastMsg(Object obj) {
3007 return "Cannot cast " + obj.getClass().getName() + " to " + getName();
3008 }
3009
3010 /**
3011 * Casts this {@code Class} object to represent a subclass of the class
3012 * represented by the specified class object. Checks that that the cast
3013 * is valid, and throws a {@code ClassCastException} if it is not. If
3014 * this method succeeds, it always returns a reference to this class object.
3015 *
3016 * <p>This method is useful when a client needs to "narrow" the type of
3017 * a {@code Class} object to pass it to an API that restricts the
3018 * {@code Class} objects that it is willing to accept. A cast would
3019 * generate a compile-time warning, as the correctness of the cast
3020 * could not be checked at runtime (because generic types are implemented
3021 * by erasure).
3022 *
3023 * @return this {@code Class} object, cast to represent a subclass of
3024 * the specified class object.
3025 * @throws ClassCastException if this {@code Class} object does not
3026 * represent a subclass of the specified class (here "subclass" includes
3027 * the class itself).
3028 * @since 1.5
3029 */
3030 public <U> Class<? extends U> asSubclass(Class<U> clazz) {
3031 if (clazz.isAssignableFrom(this))
3032 return (Class<? extends U>) this;
3033 else
3034 throw new ClassCastException(this.toString());
3035 }
3036
3037 /**
3038 * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
3039 * @since 1.5
3040 */
3041 public <A extends Annotation> A getAnnotation(Class<A> annotationClass) {
3042 if (annotationClass == null)
3043 throw new NullPointerException();
3044
3045 initAnnotationsIfNecessary();
3046 return (A) annotations.get(annotationClass);
3047 }
3048
3049 /**
3050 * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
3051 * @since 1.5
3052 */
3053 public boolean isAnnotationPresent(
3054 Class<? extends Annotation> annotationClass) {
3055 if (annotationClass == null)
3056 throw new NullPointerException();
3057
3058 return getAnnotation(annotationClass) != null;
3059 }
3060
3061
3062 private static Annotation[] EMPTY_ANNOTATIONS_ARRAY = new Annotation[0];
3063
3064 /**
3065 * @since 1.5
3066 */
3067 public Annotation[] getAnnotations() {
3068 initAnnotationsIfNecessary();
3069 return annotations.values().toArray(EMPTY_ANNOTATIONS_ARRAY);
3070 }
3071
3072 /**
3073 * @since 1.5
3074 */
3075 public Annotation[] getDeclaredAnnotations() {
3076 initAnnotationsIfNecessary();
3077 return declaredAnnotations.values().toArray(EMPTY_ANNOTATIONS_ARRAY);
3078 }
3079
3080 // Annotations cache
3081 private transient Map<Class, Annotation> annotations;
3082 private transient Map<Class, Annotation> declaredAnnotations;
3083
3084 private synchronized void initAnnotationsIfNecessary() {
3085 clearCachesOnClassRedefinition();
3086 if (annotations != null)
3087 return;
3088 declaredAnnotations = AnnotationParser.parseAnnotations(
3089 getRawAnnotations(), getConstantPool(), this);
3090 Class<?> superClass = getSuperclass();
3091 if (superClass == null) {
3092 annotations = declaredAnnotations;
3093 } else {
3094 annotations = new HashMap<Class, Annotation>();
3095 superClass.initAnnotationsIfNecessary();
3096 for (Map.Entry<Class, Annotation> e : superClass.annotations.entrySet()) {
3097 Class annotationClass = e.getKey();
3098 if (AnnotationType.getInstance(annotationClass).isInherited())
3099 annotations.put(annotationClass, e.getValue());
3100 }
3101 annotations.putAll(declaredAnnotations);
3102 }
3103 }
3104
3105 // Annotation types cache their internal (AnnotationType) form
3106
3107 private AnnotationType annotationType;
3108
3109 void setAnnotationType(AnnotationType type) {
3110 annotationType = type;
3111 }
3112
3113 AnnotationType getAnnotationType() {
3114 return annotationType;
3115 }
3116 }
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